细胞在生理和病理过程中不断重塑质膜和细胞骨架（Hagmann 等人，J Cell Biochem 73：488-499，1999）。细胞起泡，即细胞膜上凸起或突起的形成，与机械应力、细胞内压力的变化、化学信号或遗传异常有关。这些膜凸起会干扰肌动蛋白丝、微管和中间丝（细胞骨架的基本组成部分）的力平衡（Charras in J Microsc 231:466-478, 2008）。过去，这些具有圆形结构的气泡被认为是细胞凋亡标记（Blaser 等人，Dev Cell 11:613-627, 2006）。细胞起泡激活吞噬细胞并促进内部隔室的快速去除。然而，最近的研究表明，起泡与动态细胞重组有关，并改变细胞在体内和体外的运动（Charras 和 Paluch in Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:730-736, 2008）。在肿瘤进展过程中，起泡会促进癌细胞侵入血液和淋巴管，从而促进肿瘤进展和转移（Weems et al. in Nature 615:517-525, 2023）。起泡是肿瘤细胞的主要特征，正常细胞通常不存在。限制肿瘤起泡可降低失巢凋亡抵抗（悬浮存活）（Weems 等人，《Nature》615:517-525, 2023）。因此，靶向起泡的治疗干预对于增殖的促转移肿瘤细胞具有高度选择性，为肿瘤转移提供了一种副作用最小的新治疗途径。在这里，我们回顾了细胞起泡与肿瘤细胞之间的关联，以揭示转移性癌症治疗的新研究方向和策略。最后，我们的目标是确定与细胞起泡相关的转移性癌症的药物靶标。© 2024。作者。

Cells constantly reshape there plasma membrane and cytoskeleton during physiological and pathological processes (Hagmann et al. in J Cell Biochem 73:488-499, 1999). Cell blebbing, the formation of bulges or protrusions on the cell membrane, is related to mechanical stress, changes in intracellular pressure, chemical signals, or genetic anomalies. These membrane bulges interfere with the force balance of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments, the basic components of the cytoskeleton (Charras in J Microsc 231:466-478, 2008). In the past, these blebs with circular structures were considered apoptotic markers (Blaser et al. in Dev Cell 11:613-627, 2006). Cell blebbing activates phagocytes and promotes the rapid removal of intrinsic compartments. However, recent studies have revealed that blebbing is associated with dynamic cell reorganization and alters the movement of cells in-vivo and in-vitro (Charras and Paluch in Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:730-736, 2008). During tumor progression, blebbing promotes invasion of cancer cells into blood, and lymphatic vessels, facilitating tumor progression and metastasis (Weems et al. in Nature 615:517-525, 2023). Blebbing is a dominant feature of tumor cells generally absent in normal cells. Restricting tumor blebbing reduces anoikis resistance (survival in suspension) (Weems et al. in Nature 615:517-525, 2023). Hence, therapeutic intervention with targeting blebbing could be highly selective for proliferating pro-metastatic tumor cells, providing a novel therapeutic pathway for tumor metastasis with minimal side effects. Here, we review the association between cell blebbing and tumor cells, to uncover new research directions and strategies for metastatic cancer therapy. Finaly, we aim to identify the druggable targets of metastatic cancer in relation to cell blebbing.© 2024. The Author(s).