良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 导致的前列腺肿大是老年男性中常见的进行性疾病，且患病率不断增加。它会导致毁灭性的下尿路症状，但没有令人满意的药物治疗。积雪草酸 (AA) 是一种天然五环三萜类化合物，已知具有抗增殖、抗氧化和抗炎活性。本研究的目的是评估 AA 对睾酮诱导的大鼠 BPH 的可能预防活性。非那雄胺（0.5 mg/kg）用作参考药物。 AA（10或20mg/kg）给药抑制睾酮引起的前列腺重量和指数的上升。组织病理学染色证明，AA减轻了睾酮诱导的BPH的病理特征，这反映在AA治疗组的腺上皮降低。此外，AA 与睾酮一起使用可通过抑制脂质过氧化和 MDA 产生来恢复氧化还原价，并恢复超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 的活性。此外，AA 还可降低前列腺白介素 6 (IL-6)、环氧合酶 2 (COX-2)、肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF-α) 和核因子 κ B (NF-κB) 蛋白的表达。此外，AA 调节 Bax 和 Bcl-2 的 mRNA 表达，有利于细胞凋亡。 AA (20 mg/kg) 的效果与非那雄胺相当。此外，AA 还能改善胰岛素样生长因子 1 受体 (IGF-1R) mRNA 表达的上升。这与前列腺 PPAR-γ 含量的增加有关。可以得出结论，AA减轻了大鼠睾酮诱导的BPH特征。这涉及 AA 的抗氧化、抗炎和促细胞凋亡活性，以及​​它下调 IGF-1R 表达和提高前列腺组织中 PPAR-γ 浓度的能力。© 2024。作者获得独家许可德国施普林格出版社 (Springer-Verlag GmbH)，隶属于施普林格自然集团。

Prostate enlargement due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is a common, progressive disorder in elderly males with increasing prevalence. It causes devastating lower urinary tract symptoms with no satisfactory medication. Asiatic acid (AA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, is known to have antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible preventive activities of AA against BPH induced by testosterone in rats. Finasteride (0.5 mg/kg) was used as a reference drug. AA (10 or 20 mg/kg) administration inhibited the rise in prostatic weight and index induced by testosterone. Histopathological staining proved that AA mitigated the pathological features of BPH induced by testosterone, which was reflected as lower glandular epithelial in AA-treated groups. Also, the administration of AA along with testosterone restored the redox valance by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and MDA production, and restoring the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. Also, AA reduced prostate interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expression. In addition, AA modulated mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in favor of apoptosis. The effects of AA (20 mg/kg) were comparable to those of finasteride. Further, AA ameliorated the rise in insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) mRNA expression. This was associated with the enhancement of the prostatic content of PPAR-γ. It can be concluded that AA mitigated the features of BPH induced by testosterone in rats. This involves antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and pro-apototic activities of AA as well as its ability to down-regulate IGF-1R expression and enhance PPAR-γ concentration in prostatic tissues.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.