需要进行研究来了解和解决乳腺癌高风险（≥20% 终生）女性的风险管理障碍，但招募这一人群进行研究具有挑战性。本文比较了用于横断面研究的各种招募策略，针对高风险女性的观察性研究。符合条件的参与者被指定为女性，出生时年龄为 25-85 岁，讲英语，居住在美国，并且根据美国放射学会的定义，属于乳腺癌高风险人群。如果个人有乳腺癌病史、既往双侧乳房切除术、磁共振成像的医疗禁忌症，或者没有按照美国放射学会指南进行最新的乳房X线筛查，则被排除在外。 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 1 月期间，通过以下机制招募参与者：有针对性的 Facebook 广告、Twitter 帖子、ResearchMatch（基于网络的研究招聘数据库）、社区合作伙伴促销、纸质传单和社区外展活动。感兴趣的个人被引导至一个包含资格筛选问题的安全网站。参与者在资格筛选期间自我报告招募方法。对于每个招聘策略，我们计算了合格受访者的比例和完成的调查、每个合格参与者的成本以及参与者的人口统计数据。我们收到了 1566 份对资格筛选的独特回复。参与者最常报告通过 Facebook 广告（724/1566，46%）和 ResearchMatch（646/1566，41%）进行招聘。社区合作伙伴促销的合格受访者比例最高（24/46，52%），而 ResearchMatch 的合格受访者比例最低（73/646，11%）。口碑传播是最具成本效益的招聘策略（每个完成的调查回复 4.66 美元），而纸质传单的成本效益最低（每个完整的调查回复 1448.13 美元）。符合资格的受访者的人口特征因招聘策略而异：Twitter 帖子和社区外展活动导致西班牙裔或拉丁裔女性比例最高（分别为 1/4、25% 和 2/6、33%），社区合作伙伴晋升也导致了这一结果非西班牙裔黑人女性比例最高（4/24，17%）。尽管招募策略的研究参与者数量各不相同，但结果总体支持在临床环境之外识别和招募乳腺癌高风险女性的可行性。在规划未来针对高危女性的研究时，研究人员必须平衡各种招募策略的相关成本和参与者收益。©Claire C Conley、Jennifer D Rodriguez、McKenzie McIntyre、Bethany L Niell、Suzanne C O'Neill、Susan T Vadaparampil。最初发表于《医学互联网研究杂志》(https://www.jmir.org)，2024 年 9 月 2 日。

Research is needed to understand and address barriers to risk management for women at high (≥20% lifetime) risk for breast cancer, but recruiting this population for research studies is challenging.This paper compares a variety of recruitment strategies used for a cross-sectional, observational study of high-risk women.Eligible participants were assigned female at birth, aged 25-85 years, English-speaking, living in the United States, and at high risk for breast cancer as defined by the American College of Radiology. Individuals were excluded if they had a personal history of breast cancer, prior bilateral mastectomy, medical contraindications for magnetic resonance imaging, or were not up-to-date on screening mammography per American College of Radiology guidelines. Participants were recruited from August 2020 to January 2021 using the following mechanisms: targeted Facebook advertisements, Twitter posts, ResearchMatch (a web-based research recruitment database), community partner promotions, paper flyers, and community outreach events. Interested individuals were directed to a secure website with eligibility screening questions. Participants self-reported method of recruitment during the eligibility screening. For each recruitment strategy, we calculated the rate of eligible respondents and completed surveys, costs per eligible participant, and participant demographics.We received 1566 unique responses to the eligibility screener. Participants most often reported recruitment via Facebook advertisements (724/1566, 46%) and ResearchMatch (646/1566, 41%). Community partner promotions resulted in the highest proportion of eligible respondents (24/46, 52%), while ResearchMatch had the lowest proportion of eligible respondents (73/646, 11%). Word of mouth was the most cost-effective recruitment strategy (US $4.66 per completed survey response) and paper flyers were the least cost-effective (US $1448.13 per completed survey response). The demographic characteristics of eligible respondents varied by recruitment strategy: Twitter posts and community outreach events resulted in the highest proportion of Hispanic or Latina women (1/4, 25% and 2/6, 33%, respectively), and community partner promotions resulted in the highest proportion of non-Hispanic Black women (4/24, 17%).Although recruitment strategies varied in their yield of study participants, results overall support the feasibility of identifying and recruiting women at high risk for breast cancer outside of clinical settings. Researchers must balance the associated costs and participant yield of various recruitment strategies in planning future studies focused on high-risk women.©Claire C Conley, Jennifer D Rodriguez, McKenzie McIntyre, Bethany L Niell, Suzanne C O'Neill, Susan T Vadaparampil. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 02.09.2024.