为了提供目前开放性原发性腹膜后淋巴结清扫术 (RPLND) 的围手术期结局和短期并发症发生率，并分析并发症的危险因素。利用印第安纳大学睾丸癌数据库，我们对所有接受过手术的患者进行了回顾性分析。在研究期间（2018-2021）开放初级 RPLND。主要关注的结果是接受手术的患者的术前情况、并发症发生率以及与并发症相关的危险因素的识别。我们在分析中使用了卡方检验、Fisher 精确检验和非配对 t 检验。总共确定了 165 名患者。中位体重指数 (BMI) 为 28.6 kg/m2。患者最常患有临床阶段 IIA (39%) 或 IIB 睾丸癌 (36%)。预计失血量中位数为 150 mL，无需输血。与恢复正常的患者相比，出现任何并发症的患者体重指数较高（34.95 vs 28 kg/m2；P = 0.0042）。住院时间中位数为 3 天。总体并发症发生率较低（8.48%），主要术后并发症2例，其中乳糜腹水1例（0.6%），30天内无死亡病例。该研究受到回顾性设计和短期随访的限制。我们发现，开放性原发性 RPLND 的发病率是可接受的，即使在超重人群中也是如此。低失血量、短住院时间、最小的乳糜腹水风险和罕见的主要术后并发症应成为腹膜后淋巴结清扫术的基准。© 2024 BJU International。

To provide current peri-operative outcomes and short-term complication rates for open primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), with analysis of risk factors for complications.Using the Indiana University Testicular Cancer database, we performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent open primary RPLND over the study period (2018-2021). The primary outcomes of interest were the preoperative profile of patients undergoing surgery, complication rates, and identification of risk factors associated with complications. We used chi-squared, Fisher's exact and unpaired t-tests in our analyses.A total of 165 patients were identified. The median body mass index (BMI) was 28.6 kg/m2. Patients most often had clinical stage IIA (39%) or IIB testicular cancer (36%). The median estimated blood loss was 150 mL, with no transfusions required. Higher BMI was noted in patients that sustained any complication vs those with normal recovery (34.95 vs 28 kg/m2; P = 0.0042). The median length of hospital stay was 3 days. The overall complication rate was low (8.48%), with two major postoperative complications, including one case of chylous ascites (0.6%), and no deaths in the 30-day period. The study was limited by its retrospective design and short-term follow-up.We found that open primary RPLND has an acceptable morbidity profile, even among a predominantly overweight cohort. Low blood loss, short hospital stay, minimal chylous ascites risk, and rare major postoperative complications should be the benchmark for retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.© 2024 BJU International.