不变自然杀伤 T (iNKT) 细胞是 T 淋巴细胞的一小部分，可释放大量细胞因子（如 IFN-γ），并在激活后表现出细胞毒活性，从而诱导强大的抗肿瘤作用。利用 iNKT 细胞的抗肿瘤特性，基于 iNKT 细胞的免疫疗法已被开发用于治疗癌症患者。在一种基于 iNKT 细胞的免疫疗法中，采用了两种方法，即主动免疫疗法或过继免疫疗法，后者涉及 iNKT 细胞的离体扩增和随后的施用。用于过继转移的 iNKT 细胞有两种来源：自体和同种异体，每种细胞都有各自的优点和缺点。在此，我们评估了过去十年中利用 iNKT 细胞过继转移作为基于 iNKT 细胞的免疫疗法进行的临床试验，并根据使用自体 iNKT 细胞或同种异体 iNKT 细胞将其分为两组。版权所有 © 2024 Takami 和 Motohashi。

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a small subset of T lymphocytes that release large amounts of cytokines such as IFN-γ and exhibit cytotoxic activity upon activation, inducing strong anti-tumor effects. Harnessing the anti-tumor properties of iNKT cells, iNKT cell-based immunotherapy has been developed to treat cancer patients. In one of the iNKT cell-based immunotherapies, two approaches are utilized, namely, active immunotherapy or adoptive immunotherapy, the latter involving the ex vivo expansion and subsequent administration of iNKT cells. There are two sources of iNKT cells for adoptive transfer, autologous and allogeneic, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Here, we assess clinical trials conducted over the last decade that have utilized iNKT cell adoptive transfer as iNKT cell-based immunotherapy, categorizing them into two groups based on the use of autologous iNKT cells or allogeneic iNKT cells.Copyright © 2024 Takami and Motohashi.