前列腺癌 (PCa) 是最常诊断的癌症，也是男性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。 PCa 的诊断和治疗具有相当大的医学、心理和经济意义。在导致癌症的危险因素中，病毒感染，尤其是 Epstein-Barr 病毒 (EBV)，发挥着重要作用。它被认为是一种与各种淋巴瘤、鼻咽癌和乳腺癌病例相关的致癌病毒，但其在 PCa 中的作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在对比 PCa 患者血液和组织样本中 EBV 的患病率，并评估其与肿瘤临床病理标准的相关性。在这项前瞻性研究中，从确诊为 PCa 的患者中采集了 50 份新鲜活检样本和 50 份血液样本。使用聚合酶链式反应 (PCR) 检测 EBV DNA。然后进行统计分析以检查 EBV 患病率与 PCa 临床病理特征之间的相关性。 38% 的 PCa 血液样本和 64% 的 PCa 组织样本中检测到 EBV DNA，其中组织样本中的患病率较高 (p = 0.009)。统计分析显示，EBV 感染与 PCa 组织中的病理 Gleason 评分 (p = 0.041) 以及 PCa 血液中的病理 T 分期 (p = 0.02) 之间存在显着相关性。结果表明，PCa 患者组织中的 EBV 水平高于血液中的水平，表明 EBV 可能在 PCa 的病因学中发挥重要作用。这为进一步研究 EBV 作为前列腺癌发生和进展中的潜在生物标志物的功能铺平了道路，以对抗致癌病毒。版权所有 © 2024，Mharrach 等人。

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. The diagnosis and treatment of PCa carry considerable medical, psychological, and economic implications. Among the risk factors contributing to cancer, viral infections, notably Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), play a significant role. It is recognized as an oncogenic virus associated with various lymphomas, nasopharyngeal carcinomas, and breast cancer cases but its role in PCa remains unclear. This study aims to contrast the prevalence of EBV in blood and tissue samples of PCa patients and assess its correlation with tumor clinicopathological criteria. In this prospective study, 50 fresh biopsies and 50 blood samples were collected from patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PCa. EBV DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A statistical analysis was then conducted to examine the correlation between EBV prevalence and PCa clinicopathological characteristics. EBV DNA was detected in 38% of PCa blood samples and 64% of PCa tissue samples, with a higher prevalence in tissue samples (p = 0.009). The statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between EBV infection and pathological Gleason score (p = 0.041) in PCa tissue, as well as pathological T-stage (p = 0.02) in PCa blood. The results show that patients with PCa have higher levels of EBV in their tissues than in their blood, suggesting that EBV may play an important role in the etiology of PCa. This paves the way for further research into the function of EBV as a potential biomarker in the development and progression of prostate carcinoma in order to combat oncogenic viruses.Copyright © 2024, Mharrach et al.