积累的研究揭示了甲状腺激素受体（TR）作为多种癌症类型的有效肿瘤抑制因子的多方面作用。这篇综述探讨了 TR 介导的肿瘤抑制的复杂机制，从临床前小鼠模型和癌症生物学中汲取见解。本综述使用临床前模型检查了 TR（尤其是 TRβ）在各种癌症中的肿瘤抑制功能，揭示了它们抑制肿瘤发生、进展和转移的能力。讨论了 TR 介导的肿瘤抑制的分子机制，包括与 PI3K-AKT、JAK-STAT 和 TGF-β 等致癌信号通路的相互作用。此外，本文还研究了 TR 对癌症干细胞活性和分化的影响，展示了它们对与肿瘤进展和治疗耐药相关的关键细胞过程的调节。临床前研究的见解强调了靶向TR在阻碍癌症干细胞性和促进癌细胞分化方面的治疗潜力，为癌症治疗中的精准医学铺平了道路，并强调了TR靶向疗法作为治疗癌症和改善患者预后的有希望的方法的潜力。由牛津大学出版社代表内分泌学会 2024 年出版。

Accumulated research has revealed the multifaceted roles of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) as potent tumor suppressors across various cancer types. This review explores the intricate mechanisms underlying TR-mediated tumor suppression, drawing insights from preclinical mouse models and cancer biology. This review examines the tumor-suppressive functions of TRs, particularly TRβ, in various cancers using preclinical models, revealing their ability to inhibit tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Molecular mechanisms underlying TR-mediated tumor suppression are discussed, including interactions with oncogenic signaling pathways like PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, and TGF-β. Additionally, this paper examines TRs' impact on cancer stem cell activity and differentiation, showcasing their modulation of key cellular processes associated with tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Insights from preclinical studies underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting TRs to impede cancer stemness and promote cancer cell differentiation, paving the way for precision medicine in cancer treatment and emphasizing the potential of TR-targeted therapies as promising approaches for treating cancers and improving patient outcomes.Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society 2024.