肿瘤细胞拥有复杂的免疫逃避机制，主要通过代谢重编程来逃避免疫系统的攻击，从而显着改变肿瘤微环境（TME）来调节免疫细胞功能。当肿瘤具有足够的免疫原性时，它可以激活细胞毒性 T 细胞来瞄准并摧毁它。然而，肿瘤通过操纵其代谢途径（特别是葡萄糖、氨基酸和脂质代谢）来适应，以产生促进免疫逃逸的免疫抑制性 TME。这些代谢改变影响 TME 内非肿瘤细胞的功能和分化，例如抑制效应 T 细胞活性，同时扩大调节性 T 细胞和骨髓源性抑制细胞。此外，这些变化导致细胞因子和趋化因子分泌不平衡，进一步增强免疫抑制景观。新兴研究越来越关注 TME 内非肿瘤细胞的调节作用，评估它们重新编程的葡萄糖、氨基酸和脂质代谢如何影响它们的功能变化，并最终帮助肿瘤免疫逃避。尽管我们对肿瘤细胞和非肿瘤细胞之间复杂的代谢相互作用的了解不完全，但这些元素之间的联系对癌症免疫治疗提出了重大挑战。这篇综述强调了 TME 中葡萄糖、氨基酸和脂质代谢改变对非肿瘤细胞代谢和功能的影响，提供了新的见解，可以促进新型癌症免疫疗法的开发。© 2024。作者。

Tumor cells possess complex immune evasion mechanisms to evade immune system attacks, primarily through metabolic reprogramming, which significantly alters the tumor microenvironment (TME) to modulate immune cell functions. When a tumor is sufficiently immunogenic, it can activate cytotoxic T-cells to target and destroy it. However, tumors adapt by manipulating their metabolic pathways, particularly glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism, to create an immunosuppressive TME that promotes immune escape. These metabolic alterations impact the function and differentiation of non-tumor cells within the TME, such as inhibiting effector T-cell activity while expanding regulatory T-cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Additionally, these changes lead to an imbalance in cytokine and chemokine secretion, further enhancing the immunosuppressive landscape. Emerging research is increasingly focusing on the regulatory roles of non-tumor cells within the TME, evaluating how their reprogrammed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism influence their functional changes and ultimately aid in tumor immune evasion. Despite our incomplete understanding of the intricate metabolic interactions between tumor and non-tumor cells, the connection between these elements presents significant challenges for cancer immunotherapy. This review highlights the impact of altered glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism in the TME on the metabolism and function of non-tumor cells, providing new insights that could facilitate the development of novel cancer immunotherapies.© 2024. The Author(s).