癌症治疗领域不​​断发展，许多癌症患者成功提高了生存率并减少了疾病进展。癌症结果的改善暴露了相互竞争的合并症，其中一些可能会因癌症治疗而加剧。许多早期癌症致残和死亡的主要原因是心血管疾病（CVD），这通常归因于癌症治疗造成的直接或间接心脏损伤。在这篇综述中，作者提出，与传统和新型癌症治疗相关的毒性应考虑到心脏以外的问题。作者提供了一个利用氧气途径的框架来了解癌症治疗对峰值摄氧量的影响，峰值摄氧量是综合心肺功能和心血管疾病风险的标志。讨论了外周毒性和对氧运输的影响。考虑癌症治疗的广泛影响将改善对有 CVD、功能残疾和过早死亡风险的癌症幸存者以及那些将从治疗干预中受益的癌症幸存者的预测和识别，最终改善患者的治疗结果。© 2024 作者。

The landscape of cancer therapeutics is continually evolving, with successes in improved survivorship and reduced disease progression for many patients with cancer. Improved cancer outcomes expose competing comorbidities, some of which may be exacerbated by cancer therapies. The leading cause of disability and death for many early-stage cancers is cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is often attributed to direct or indirect cardiac injury from cancer therapy. In this review, the authors propose that toxicities related to conventional and novel cancer therapeutics should be considered beyond the heart. The authors provide a framework using the oxygen pathway to understand the impact of cancer treatment on peak oxygen uptake, a marker of integrative cardiopulmonary function and CVD risk. Peripheral toxicities and the impact on oxygen transport are discussed. Consideration for the broad effects of cancer therapies will improve the prediction and identification of cancer survivors at risk for CVD, functional disability, and premature mortality and those who would benefit from therapeutic intervention, ultimately improving patient outcomes.© 2024 The Authors.