评估 18F-FDG PET/CT 在评估可切除 NSCLC 患者对新辅助免疫化疗的反应方面的潜在效用，以及筛选可能受益于新辅助免疫化疗的患者的能力。 对 51 名可切除 NSCLC（IA-IIIB 期）患者进行了分析，谁接受了两到三个周期的新辅助免疫化疗。18F-FDG PET/CT在基线（扫描1）和根治性切除术之前（扫描2）进行。计算SULmax、SULpeak、MTV、TLG、T/N比、ΔSULmax%、ΔSULpeak%、ΔMTV%、ΔTLG%、ΔT/N比%。 18F-FDG PET/CT 反应使用 PERCIST 进行分类。然后比较RECIST 1.1和PERCIST的疗效评估标准。以原发病灶的手术病理为金标准，分析~(18)F-FDG PET/CT代谢参数与主要病理缓解(MPR)的相关性。将所有代谢参数与治疗反应进行比较，并与 PFS 和 OS 相关。在总共 51 名患者中，25 名（49%，25/51）患者在新辅助治疗后实现了 MPR。 Scan-1的代谢参数与MPR不相关。病理消退程度与scan-2的SULmax、SULpeak、MTV、TLG、T/N比值呈负相关，且ΔSULmax%、ΔSULpeak%的百分比变化，新辅助治疗后ΔMTV%、ΔTLG%、ΔT/N比%（p < 0.05）。根据 PERCIST，36 名患者（70.6%，36/51）显示 PMR，12 名患者（23.5%，12/51）患有稳定代谢性疾病（SMD），3 名患者（5.9%，3/51）患有进行性代谢性疾病（PMD）。 ROC表明scan-2所有代谢参数和代谢参数变化百分比均具有预测MPR和非MPR的能力，scan-2的SULmax和T/N比具有最佳区分能力。RECIST 1.1和PERCIST的准确性标准无统计学意义（p = 0.91）。在单变量分析中，ΔMTV% 与 PFS 的相关性最高。 18F-FDG PET/CT 的代谢反应可以预测可切除 NSCLC 中新辅助免疫化疗的 MPR。 ΔMTV% 与 PFS 显着相关。© 2024。作者。

To evaluate the potential utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT to assess response to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in patients with resectable NSCLC, and the ability to screen patients who may benefit from neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.Fifty one resectable NSCLC (stage IA-IIIB) patients were analyzed, who received two-three cycles neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.18F-FDG PET/CT was carried out at baseline(scan-1) and prior to radical resection(scan-2). SULmax, SULpeak, MTV, TLG, T/N ratio, ΔSULmax%,ΔSULpeak%, ΔMTV%, ΔTLG%,ΔT/N ratio% were calculated. 18F-FDG PET/CT responses were classified using PERCIST. We then compared the RECIST 1.1 and PERCIST criteria for response assessment.With surgical pathology of primary lesions as the gold standard, the correlation between metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT and major pathologic response (MPR) was analyzed. All metabolic parameters were compared to treatment response and correlated to PFS and OS.In total of fifty one patients, MPR was achieved in 25(49%, 25/51) patients after neoadjuvant therapy. The metabolic parameters of Scan-1 were not correlated with MPR.The degree of pathological regression was negatively correlated with SULmax, SULpeak, MTV, TLG, T/N ratio of scan-2, and the percentage changes of the ΔSULmax%, ΔSULpeak%, ΔMTV%,ΔTLG%,ΔT/N ratio% after neoadjuvant therapy (p < 0.05). According to PERCIST, 36 patients (70.6%, 36/51) showed PMR, 12 patients(23.5%, 12/51) had stable metabolic disease(SMD), and 3 patients(5.9%, 3/51) had progressive metabolic disease (PMD). ROC indicated that all of scan-2 metabolic parameters and the percentage changes of metabolic parameters had ability to predict MPR and non-MPR, SULmax and T/N ratio of scan-2 had the best differentiation ability.The accuracy of RECIST 1.1 and PERCIST criteria were no statistical significance(p = 0.91). On univariate analysis, ΔMTV% has the highest correlation with PFS.Metabolic response by 18F-FDG PET/CT can predict MPR to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable NSCLC. ΔMTV% was significantly correlated with PFS.© 2024. The Author(s).