鼻腔肿瘤是一个非常异质的群体，反映了鼻腔和鼻旁窦中存在的多种组织类型。这些实体可能是相对良性的（即呼吸道上皮腺瘤样错构瘤），也可能是极具侵袭性的（即 NUT 癌）。某些鼻窦肿瘤有通过局部侵袭和破坏而扩散的倾向，而其他肿瘤则很可能发生神经周围扩散。最近，人们对鼻腔肿瘤行为背后的遗传和分子机制有了更好的了解，并且利用这些遗传和分子数据描述了新的肿瘤类型。这促使世界卫生组织第五版头颈肿瘤分类系统中包含的肿瘤数量增加，并建立了新的分类结构。放射科医生对这种分类结构的熟悉对于理解这些肿瘤的预期行为以及与多学科癌症护理委员会合作做出最佳患者护理决策至关重要。 ©RSNA，2024。

Sinonasal neoplasms are a remarkably heterogeneous group, reflecting the numerous tissue types present in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. These entities can be relatively benign (ie, respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma) or can be exceedingly aggressive (ie, NUT carcinoma). Certain sinonasal tumors have a propensity to spread through local invasion and destruction, while others have a high likelihood of perineural spread. The genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying sinonasal tumor behavior have recently become better understood, and new tumor types have been described using these genetic and molecular data. This has prompted an expansion in the number of tumors included in the World Health Organization fifth edition classification system for head and neck tumors, along with a new classification structure. Radiologists' familiarity with this classification structure is crucial to understanding the expected behavior of these tumors and to collaboration with the multidisciplinary cancer care board in making decisions for optimal patient care. ©RSNA, 2024.