饮食咨询对接受芳香酶抑制剂（AI）治疗的早期乳腺癌患者（EBC）身体成分的影响尚不确定。本研究的目的是评估饮食咨询计划对接受 AI 治疗的患者的体重、BMI、总体和局部身体成分的影响。这项观察性研究涉及 194 名 EBC 患者，其中 97 名患者参加了为期 6 个月的个性化咨询计划，基于地中海饮食原则（A 组），而 97 则没有（B 组）。使用双能 X 射线吸收测定法 (DXA) 扫描来测量 AI 治疗之前（基线）和至少 18 个月之后的总和局部脂肪和瘦体重。体重和 BMI 显着增加，平均而言，在队列 B 中，但在队列 A 中则不然。在队列 A 和 B 中，AI 治疗前后，脂肪量分别增加了 10% 和 7.7%，而瘦肉量则减少了 3.3% 和 2.6%，两者之间没有统计学上的显着差异。他们使用曼-惠特尼测试。在癌症诊断时，绝经前女性的身体成分变化比绝经后女性更大。从 AI 治疗之前到之后，患有肌肉减少症、肥胖症和肌肉减少症肥胖症的患者比例有所增加，这两个队列中的情况相似。接受 AI 治疗的患者报告称，脂肪量增加，瘦肉量减少，因此肌肉减少症和肥胖症增加，无论是否参加饮食咨询计划。为了防止这些患者发生这些不利的变化，可能需要结合饮食咨询和体育锻炼计划。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

The impact of dietary counseling on body composition in early breast cancer patients (EBC) treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a diet counseling program on weight, BMI, total and regional body composition in patients treated with AIs.This observational study involved 194 EBC patients, of which 97 attended a 6-month personalized counseling program, based on Mediterranean diet principles (cohort A) and 97 did not (cohort B). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan was used to measure the total and regional fat and lean body mass, before (baseline) and after at least 18 months of AI-therapy.Weight and BMI increased significantly, on the average, in cohort B, but not in cohort A. In the cohorts A and B, fat mass increased by 10 % and 7.7 % respectively, while lean mass decreased by 3.3 % and 2.6 % from before to after AI therapy, without statistically significant differences between them using the Mann-Whitney test. The changes in body composition were greater in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women at cancer diagnosis. The proportion of patients with sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity increased from before to after AI therapy, similarly in both cohorts.Patients treated with AIs reported an increase in fat mass and a decrease in lean mass, and consequently an increase in sarcopenia and obesity, regardless of the participation in a dietary counseling program. A combined dietary counseling and physical exercise program may be necessary for preventing these unfavourable changes in these patients.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.