随着放射、化疗、手术等常规治疗方式的进步以及免疫治疗的出现，实体瘤恶性肿瘤的总体治愈率显着提高。然而不幸的是，接受癌症治疗会对成骨细胞和破骨细胞的功能产生不利影响，扰乱患者的骨代谢稳态，并对骨髓细胞和其他骨组织造成损害。因此，某些肿瘤治疗方案可能会带来后续骨疾病的风险。与癌症治疗相关的常见骨病包括骨坏死、骨质流失和继发性骨肿瘤。 (1)癌症治疗相关的骨坏死主要与放射治疗和某些化学物质的使用有关，例如双磷酸盐、狄诺塞麦、抗血管生成剂和免疫调节剂。据观察，高剂量放射治疗更容易导致骨坏死。 (2)化学物质和激素，特别是性激素、糖皮质激素和甲状腺激素或促甲状腺激素，是导致癌症治疗相关骨质流失的因素之一。 (3)继发性骨肿瘤与原发性骨肿瘤的转移不同，放疗对其发生发展起重要作用，化疗也可能产生一定影响。放射性继发性骨肿瘤主要是恶性的，其中骨肉瘤是最常见的类型。化疗可能是相对罕见的继发性骨尤文肉瘤发生的危险因素。这些与治疗相关的骨疾病对癌症患者的预后有相当大的不利影响。因此，必须优先考虑接受癌症治疗的患者的骨骼健康并予以进一步关注。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

With the advancements in conventional treatment modalities such as radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, as well as the emergence of immunotherapy, the overall cure rate for solid tumor malignancies has experienced a significant increase. However, it is unfortunate that exposure to cancer treatments can have detrimental effects on the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, disturbing bone metabolic homeostasis in patients, as well as causing damage to bone marrow cells and other bone tissues. Consequently, certain tumor treatment options may pose a risk for subsequent bone diseases. Common bone disorders associated with cancer treatment include osteonecrosis, bone loss, and secondary bone tumors. (1)Cancer treatment-related osteonecrosis is primarily linked to the use of radiation therapy and certain chemicals, such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, antiangiogenic agents, and immunomodulators. It has been observed that high-dose radiation therapy is more likely to result in osteonecrosis. (2)Chemicals and hormones, particularly sex hormones, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormones or thyrotropic hormones, are among the factors that can contribute to cancer treatment-related bone loss. (3)Secondary bone tumors differ from metastases originating from primary tumors, and radiotherapy plays a significant role in their development, while chemotherapy may also exert some influence. Radiogenic secondary bone tumors are predominantly malignant, with osteosarcoma being the most common type. Chemotherapy may be a risk factor for the relatively rare occurrence of secondary Ewing sarcoma of the bone. These treatment-related bone disorders have a considerable adverse impact on the prognosis of cancer patients. Hence, it is imperative to prioritize the bone health of patients undergoing cancer treatment and give it further attention.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.