本综述探讨了模型知情药物开发 (MIDD) 在推进抗菌和抗病毒药物开发中的作用，重点是将宿主系统动力学纳入建模工作中。面对日益严峻的多重耐药性和市场回报递减的挑战，创新方法对于持续的药物发现和开发至关重要。 MIDD 方法凭借其强大的集成不同数据类型的能力，提供了一个有前途的解决方案。特别是，讨论了如何利用适当的建模和模拟技术来更好地表征和早期评估耐药性。还总结了 MIDD 实践在不同传染病领域的演变，并与肿瘤学取得的进步进行了比较。展望未来，MIDD 的应用应扩展到宿主系统动力学，因为这些考虑因素对于开发“活药物”（例如嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞或噬菌体）以解决抗生素耐药性或潜伏病毒感染等问题至关重要。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

This review examines the role of model-informed drug development (MIDD) in advancing antibacterial and antiviral drug development, with an emphasis on the inclusion of host system dynamics into modeling efforts. Amidst the growing challenges of multidrug resistance and diminishing market returns, innovative methodologies are crucial for continuous drug discovery and development. The MIDD approach, with its robust capacity to integrate diverse data types, offers a promising solution. In particular, the utilization of appropriate modeling and simulation techniques for better characterization and early assessment of drug resistance are discussed. The evolution of MIDD practices across different infectious disease fields is also summarized, and compared to advancements achieved in oncology. Moving forward, the application of MIDD should expand into host system dynamics as these considerations are critical for the development of "live drugs" (e.g. chimeric antigen receptor T cells or bacteriophages) to address issues like antibiotic resistance or latent viral infections.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.