旨在评估热消融 (TA) 治疗宫颈发育不良对喀麦隆筛查宫颈癌的妇女的生育能力和妊娠结局的影响。回顾性队列研究。喀麦隆 Dschang 卫生区。两项筛查试验的参与者年龄在 30-45 岁之间2015 年至 2020 年间在 Dschang 区医院进行。对参与者进行了人乳头瘤病毒感染初步筛查，通过目视检查进行分类，并在需要时接受 TA 治疗。 2021年10月至2022年3月期间，对接受TA治疗的参与者和未接受治疗的对照组女性进行了有关后续生育能力的访谈。筛选/治疗后的怀孕和流产。共有760名参与者（219名接受治疗和541名未接受治疗）完成了调查，平均随访时间为 1297 天。接受 TA 治疗的 62 名女性 (28.3%) 报告筛查后怀孕，而对照组为 165 名 (30.5%) (p = 0.550)。调整潜在的混杂因素后，接受治疗的女性与未接受治疗的女性相比，怀孕的风险比为 0.82 (0.54-1.24，p = 0.350)。在报告怀孕结果已知且未自愿终止的女性中，接受治疗的参与者有 18 名（35.3%）流产，而对照组有 31 名（21.4%）流产（p = 0.048）。在调整后的模型中，TA 与流产之间不存在关联（1.04、0.39-2.78，p = 0.935）。在我们的研究人群中，TA 并未显着影响生育力或流产风险。我们的结果支持广泛使用 TA 作为低收入环境中宫颈癌前病变的治疗选择。© 2024 作者。 BJOG：约翰·威利出版的国际妇产科杂志

To assess the impact of thermal ablation (TA) for the treatment of cervical dysplasia on fertility and pregnancy outcomes among women screened for cervical cancer in Cameroon.Retrospective cohort study.Dschang health district, Cameroon.Participants aged 30-45 years from two screening trials conducted between 2015 and 2020 in Dschang District Hospital.Participants were primarily screened for human papillomavirus infection, triaged by visual inspection and treated by TA if needed. Between October 2021 and March 2022, interviews on subsequent fertility were conducted with participants treated by TA and a control group of untreated women.Pregnancy and miscarriage after screening/treatment.A total of 760 participants (219 treated and 541 untreated) completed the survey, with a mean follow-up time of 1297 days. Sixty-two women (28.3%) treated by TA reported a pregnancy postscreening versus 165 (30.5%) in the control group (p = 0.550). Adjusted for potential confounders, the hazard ratio of pregnancy for treated compared with untreated women was 0.82 (0.54-1.24, p = 0.350). Among women reporting pregnancies with a known outcome and which were not voluntarily terminated, 18 (35.3%) treated participants had a miscarriage versus 31 (21.4%) in the control group (p = 0.048). In the adjusted model, no association remained between TA and miscarriage (1.04, 0.39-2.78, p = 0.935).In our study population, TA did not significantly impact fertility nor miscarriage risk. Our results support the widespread use of TA as a treatment of choice for precancerous cervical lesions in low-income settings.© 2024 The Author(s). BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.