在儿童中，溃疡性结肠炎 (UC) 通常比成人更严重、更广泛，大约四分之一的受试者会因急性加重而住院。需要有效的药物来避免或减少皮质类固醇的使用，特别是在儿童中，皮质类固醇会带来许多严重的副作用。单克隆抗体治疗的引入彻底改变了该疾病的治疗方案和预后。在本综述中，使用针对肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）α或其他炎症靶点的单克隆抗体来治疗小儿UC进行讨论。使用关键词“儿科”、“溃疡性结肠炎”、“炎症性肠病”、“单克隆抗体”对文献进行了检索； “英夫利昔单抗”、“阿达木单抗”、“戈利木单抗”、“维多珠单抗”、“优特克单抗”和“risankizumab”。近年来，单克隆抗体在儿童 UC 中的使用大大增加，无论是对传统疗法没有反应的患者，还是更常见的是，作为初始治疗，由于治疗药物监测和具有不同靶点的生物制剂的可用性，治疗变得更加有针对性和个性化，反应、生活质量显着改善，并且具有良好的安全性。

In children, ulcerative colitis (UC) is often more severe and extensive than in adults and hospitalization for acute exacerbations occurs in around a quarter of subjects. There is a need for effective drugs, which could avoid or reduce the use of corticosteroids which, especially in children, are burdened by a number of severe side effects. The introduction in therapy of monoclonal antibodies has completely changed the therapeutic scenario and the prognosis of the disease.In this review, the use of the monoclonal antibodies directed against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α or other inflammatory targets for the treatment of pediatric UC will be discussed. A search of the literature was done using the keywords 'pediatric,' 'ulcerative colitis,' 'inflammatory bowel disease,' 'monoclonal antibodies;' 'infliximab,' 'adalimumab,' 'golimumab,' vedolizumab," 'ustekinumab' and 'risankizumab.'The use of monoclonal antibodies has greatly increased in recent years in pediatric UC, both in patients who did not respond to conventional therapies, and, more often, as initial therapy. Thanks to therapeutic drug monitoring and to the availability of biologics with different targets, therapy has become more targeted and personalized, with a significant improvement in response, in quality of life, and with a good safety profile.