背景：目前的教条是对接受滤泡源性分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）治疗的患者进行终生随访。我们的主要目标是确定一系列 DTC 患者的复发时间，这些患者在甲状腺全切除术和放射性碘治疗 6 个月后对治疗有良好的反应。次要目标是确定怀疑复发的时间并确定与复发相关的因素。方法：这项回顾性队列研究包括 2008 年至 2012 年间接受 DTC 治疗以及甲状腺全切除术和放射性碘治疗后 6 个月缓解的患者。根据 2015 年 ATA（美国甲状腺协会）指南，缓解的标准是影像学阴性且抑制的甲状腺球蛋白 (Tg) <0.2 ng/mL 或 rh-TSH-（重组人 TSH）刺激的 Tg <1 ng/mL。复发的定义是细胞学和/或组织学证实的颈部淋巴结转移或进行第二次放射性碘治疗。结果：在 721 名接受 DTC 治疗的患者中，158 名因 6 个月时疾病持续存在而被排除，71 名因缺少随访数据而被排除，492 名患者被纳入。平均和中位随访时间分别为 7.0 和 7.9 年（四分位距 IQR [2.1-11.3]）。根据 2015 年 ATA 指南，7 名患者（1.4%）出现复发，其中 1 名最初被归类为高复发风险，3 名被归类为中度复发风险，3 名被归类为低风险。所有复发均发生在初次治疗后 10 年内（前 5 年内有 4 次复发）。对于复发患者，前 8 年中 7 例中有 6 例检测到 Tg 升高和/或可疑淋巴结，最后一例在初次手术后 10 年检测到 Tg 升高和/或可疑淋巴结。结论：低、中度复发风险 DTC 患者在甲状腺全切除术和放射性碘治疗 6 个月后反应良好，10 年后病情缓解，复发风险极低。从这个时间点起，初级保健提供者可能会进行后续行动。这些出院建议应通过进一步的前瞻性研究来证实。

Background: The current dogma is a life-long follow-up for patients treated for follicular-derived differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC). Our primary objective was to determine the time to recurrence in a series of DTC patients with an excellent response to therapy 6 months after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy. The secondary objectives were to determine the time to suspicion of recurrence and to identify factors associated with recurrence. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients treated for DTC between 2008 and 2012 and in remission 6 months after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine treatment. The criteria for remission were negative imaging and suppressed thyroglobulin (Tg) <0.2 ng/mL or rh-TSH-(recombinant human TSH) stimulated Tg <1 ng/mL according to the 2015 ATA (American Thyroid Association) guidelines. Recurrence was defined by cytologically and/or histologically proven cervical lymph node metastasis or the administration of a second radioiodine treatment. Results: Among 721 patients treated for DTC, 158 were excluded because of persistent disease at 6 months, 71 because of missing follow-up data, and 492 were included. The mean and median follow-up time were 7.0 and 7.9 years (interquartile range IQR [2.1-11.3]). Recurrence occurred for 7 patients (1.4%), 1 initially classified as high recurrence risk, 3 as intermediate, and 3 as low risk according to the 2015 ATA guidelines. All relapses occurred within 10 years after initial management (4 within the first 5 years). For patients with recurrence, rise in Tg and/or suspicious lymph nodes were detected in six out of seven cases in the first 8 years and for the last case 10 years after initial surgery. Conclusion: Low and intermediate recurrence risk DTC patients with excellent response 6 months after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine and in remission 10 years later have an extremely low recurrence risk. Follow-up might be undertaken by primary care providers from this time point. These discharge recommendations should be confirmed by further prospective studies.