血液癌症包括影响血液、骨髓、淋巴结和脾脏的多种恶性肿瘤。这些疾病由于其复杂的病因和多样的临床表现而提出了独特的挑战。尽管在理解和治疗血液恶性肿瘤方面取得了重大进展，但人们仍在不断寻求创新的治疗方法来改善患者的治疗效果。这篇综述重点介绍了 RNA 纳米粒子 (RNA-NP) 在治疗血液癌症中的应用。我们深入讨论了涉及成人患者 RNA-NP 的体外和临床前研究，以及 RNA-NP 在儿科血液癌症中的应用。该综述还讨论了正在进行的涉及 RNA-NP 的临床试验，并探索了由 RNA-NP 设计的 CAR-T 疗法的新兴领域。最后，我们讨论了将 RNA-NP 研究转化为临床仍面临的挑战。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。保留所有权利。

Hematological cancers encompass a diverse group of malignancies affecting the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. These disorders present unique challenges due to their complex etiology and varied clinical manifestations. Despite significant advancements in understanding and treating hematological malignancies, innovative therapeutic approaches are continually sought to enhance patient outcomes. This review highlights the application of RNA nanoparticles (RNA-NPs) in the treatment of hematological cancers. We delve into detailed discussions on in vitro and preclinical studies involving RNA-NPs for adult patients, as well as the application of RNA-NPs in pediatric hematological cancer. The review also addresses ongoing clinical trials involving RNA-NPs and explores the emerging field of CAR-T therapy engineered by RNA-NPs. Finally, we discuss the challenges still faced in translating RNA-NP research to clinics.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.