免疫疗法在癌症治疗中具有实现持久效力和长期生存机会的巨大潜力。作为重要的生物介质，具有高组织渗透性和卓越选择性的肽为增强癌症免疫疗法 (CIT) 提供了重要前景。然而，构象和稳定性等理化肽特征对其靶向功效提出了挑战。这篇综述全面概述了针对癌症免疫循环 (CIC) 关键步骤的治疗性肽的最新进展，包括肿瘤抗原呈递、免疫细胞调节和免疫检查点信号传导。特别关注与这些肽在临床进展背景下促进 CIC 相关的机遇和挑战。此外，还讨论了该领域未来可能的发展，以提供对具有强大功效和安全性的新兴 CIT 的见解。© 2024 作者。

Immunotherapies hold immense potential for achieving durable potency and long-term survival opportunities in cancer therapy. As vital biological mediators, peptides with high tissue penetration and superior selectivity offer significant promise for enhancing cancer immunotherapies (CITs). However, physicochemical peptide features such as conformation and stability pose challenges to their on-target efficacy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in therapeutic peptides targeting key steps of the cancer-immunity cycle (CIC), including tumor antigen presentation, immune cell regulation, and immune checkpoint signaling. Particular attention is given to the opportunities and challenges associated with these peptides in boosting CIC within the context of clinical progress. Furthermore, possible future developments in this field are also discussed to provide insights into emerging CITs with robust efficacy and safety profiles.© 2024 The Authors.