富含微RNA的外泌体作为癌症与免疫细胞之间的耀眼舞者
MicroRNA-enriched exosome as dazzling dancer between cancer and immune cells
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影响因子:4.3
分区:生物学3区 / 生化与分子生物学3区 生理学3区
发表日期:2024 Nov
作者:
Chou-Yi Hsu, Abdulrahman T Ahmed, Pooja Bansal, Ahmed Hjazi, Hussein Riyadh Abdul Kareem Al-Hetty, Maytham T Qasim, Ibrokhim Sapaev, Mahamedha Deorari, Yasser Fakri Mustafa, Ahmed Elawady
DOI:
10.1007/s13105-024-01050-x
摘要
外泌体在众多生物学过程中以及作为细胞间通信媒介中扮演着重要角色。人类癌细胞和正常细胞都能产生大量外泌体，且在肿瘤模型动物的胸腔积液、腹水和血浆中广泛存在。肿瘤细胞通过释放外泌体与宿主细胞相互作用，使其能交换各种生物组分。这一精细复杂的系统通过调节局部和远程环境，促进肿瘤的生长、侵袭、转移甚至肿瘤发生。由于外泌体中存在大量微RNA等生物分子，它们能调节免疫系统的激活或抑制，从而影响肿瘤的生长。然而，微RNA在外泌体介导的免疫与癌细胞通信中的作用尚未完全明了。本文旨在提供关于外泌体微RNA在调控肿瘤免疫与免疫治疗中的“阴阳”作用的最新研究进展，以期促进现有癌症治疗和诊断技术的发展。
Abstract
Exosomes are widely recognized for their roles in numerous biological processes and as intercellular communication mediators. Human cancerous and normal cells can both produce massive amounts of exosomes. They are extensively dispersed in tumor-modeling animals' pleural effusions, ascites, and plasma from people with cancer. Tumor cells interact with host cells by releasing exosomes, which allow them to interchange various biological components. Tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and even tumorigenesis can all be facilitated by this delicate and complex system by modifying the nearby and remote surroundings. Due to the existence of significant levels of biomolecules like microRNA, exosomes can modulate the immune system's stimulation or repression, which in turn controls tumor growth. However, the role of microRNA in exosome-mediated communication between immunological and cancer cells is still poorly understood. This study aims to get the most recent information on the "yin and yang" of exosomal microRNA in the regulation of tumor immunity and immunotherapy, which will aid current cancer treatment and diagnostic techniques.