化疗引起的周围神经病变 (CIPN) 是一种使人衰弱的疾病，影响着全世界越来越多的癌症幸存者。然而，对其病理生理学和有效治疗方法的了解仍然缺乏。背根神经节 (DRG) 已被研究为化疗药物毒性的关键组成部分和 CIPN 治疗的潜在治疗靶点。这篇综合综述旨在综合、总结和关联与 DRG 相关的 CIPN 的病理生理学和管理相关的临床前和临床研究的结果。设计：审查。使用术语“背根神经节”和“化疗引起的周围神经病变”以及适当的变体进行了彻底的文献检索。检索的数据库包括 PubMed、EMBASE、Medline、Cochrane Library、Wiley Library 和 Web of Science。纳入标准针对从这些数据库成立至今年的所有英语语言、经过同行评审的原创研究。评论文章、书籍章节和其他非原创出版物被排除在外。在已确定的 134 项相关研究中，大多数是临床前研究，阐明各种化疗药物（尤其是紫杉烷类）如何破坏 DRG 感觉神经元内的神经传递、炎症过程和凋亡途径。这些效应不仅与 CIPN 的表现相关，而且在临床前模型中，它们的破坏也被证明可以减轻 CIPN 症状。然而，目前针对 DRG 干预的临床研究在数量和范围上都非常有限。这些结果揭示了 DRG 内的各种途径可能是 CIPN 治疗的有效靶点。虽然有限，但临床研究确实为 DRG 神经调节在治疗疼痛性 CIPN 方面的效用提供了希望。未来，需要进行临床试验来评估针对这些神经元和非神经元病理目标的干预措施，以更好地治疗这种复杂的病症。©作者，2024。

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating condition affecting an increasing number of cancer survivors worldwide. However, insights into its pathophysiology and availability of effective therapies remain lacking. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) have been studied as a key component of chemotherapeutic drug toxicity and a potential therapeutic target for CIPN treatment. This comprehensive review aims to synthesize, summarize, and correlate the results of both preclinical and clinical studies relevant to the pathophysiology and management of CIPN in relation to the DRG. Design: Review. A thorough literature search was conducted using the terms 'dorsal root ganglion' and 'chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy', along with appropriate variations. Searched databases included PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library, Wiley Library, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria targeted all English language, peer-reviewed original research from the inception of these databases to the present year. Review articles, book chapters, and other nonoriginal publications were excluded. Of 134 relevant studies identified, the majority were preclinical studies elucidating how various chemotherapeutic agents, especially taxanes, disrupt neurotransmission, inflammatory processes, and apoptotic pathways within sensory neurons of DRG. Not only do these effects correlate with the presentation of CIPN, but their disruption has also been shown to reduce CIPN symptoms in preclinical models. However, clinical studies addressing DRG interventions are very limited in number and scope at this time. These results reveal various pathways within DRG that may be effective targets for CIPN treatment. While limited, clinical studies do offer promise in the utility of DRG neuromodulation in managing painful CIPN. In the future, clinical trials are needed to assess interventions aimed at these neuronal and nonneuronal pathological targets to better treat this complex condition.© The Author(s), 2024.