可测量残留病灶（MRD）与急性髓系白血病（AML）患者的复发风险和长期生存结果密切相关。除了其明确的预后影响外，MRD 信息也越来越多地用于指导治疗决策，包括选择适合干细胞移植的患者、移植后维持治疗的使用以及非移植维持治疗或 MRD 指导的临床候选资格。试验。尽管在准确评估 MRD 和了解其临床重要性方面已经取得了很大进展，但如何优化 MRD 检测和指导个体患者的治疗决策仍然存在许多问题。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了评估 AML 中 MRD 的常用方法以及 MRD 对常见临床情况的预后影响。我们还回顾了针对 MRD 的新兴和研究策略，并讨论了该领域一些尚未解答的重要问题和挑战。© 2024 Wiley periodicals LLC。

Measurable residual disease (MRD) is strongly associated with risk of relapse and long-term survival outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Apart from its clear prognostic impact, MRD information is also increasingly used to guide therapeutic decision-making, including selection of appropriate patients for stem cell transplant, use of post-transplant maintenance, and candidacy for non-transplant maintenance therapies or MRD-directed clinical trials. While much progress has been made in accurately assessing MRD and understanding its clinical importance, many questions remain about how to optimize MRD testing and guide treatment decisions for individual patients. In this review, we discuss the common methods to assess MRD in AML and the prognostic impact of MRD across common clinical scenarios. We also review emerging and investigational strategies to target MRD and discuss some of the important unanswered questions and challenges in the field.© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.