钆-99m放射标记石墨烯量子点（GQDs）作为胶质母细胞瘤肿瘤成像的新探针
Technetium-99m radiolabeling of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a new probe for glioblastoma tumor imaging
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影响因子:2.4
分区:医学4区 / 核科学技术3区 生物学4区 核医学4区
发表日期:2025
作者:
Maryam Mazaheri Tehrani, Mostafa Erfani, Mojtaba Amiri, Mostafa Goudarzi
DOI:
10.1080/09553002.2024.2404460
摘要
癌症诊断包括多步骤过程。准确识别肿瘤、分期及癌细胞的演变，对于选择最优治疗、减少疾病复发至关重要。量子点（QDs）作为一种新颖的荧光纳米探针，广泛应用于分子检测和靶向肿瘤成像。本研究中，采用高温热裂解柠檬酸（CA）作为碳源合成石墨烯量子点（GQDs）。首先采用物理（TEM和DLS）和光谱（荧光、FTIR和UV-Vis）方法对获得的GQDs进行表征。随后，在SnCl2·2H2O作为还原剂的条件下，于95至100°C之间制备了99mTc标记的GQDs。评估了放射标记GQDs在动物模型中用于C6胶质瘤肿瘤闪烁成像的生物分布和肿瘤靶向效率。此外，还测定了器官摄取、与人血清白蛋白的结合以及肿瘤累积情况。TEM图像显示，制备的GQDs具有尺寸相对均匀（直径6-9 nm）且呈球形。放射标记的GQDs的放射化学产率超过97%（n=3）。在血清中孵育后，约15%的99mTc标记GQDs在6小时后降解。1小时后，胶质瘤C6大鼠异种移植模型中的摄取量为注射剂量的1.10±0.36%每克。成像显示肾脏、肠道和胶质瘤肿瘤部位。我们的数据表明，99mTc标记的GQDs作为新型放射性示踪剂，能有效累积于肿瘤部位，有望作为检测胶质瘤的放射性示踪剂。
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis involves a multi-step process. Accurate identification of the tumor, staging and development of cancer cells is crucial for selecting optimal treatments to minimize disease recurrence. Quantum dots (QDs) represent an exciting class of fluorescent nanoprobes in molecular detection and targeted tumor imaging.In this study, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were synthesized by pyrolysis of citric acid (CA) as a carbon precursor under high temperatures. The morphology of the obtained GQDs was first characterized using physical (TEM and DLS) and spectroscopic (fluorescence, FTIR and UV-Vis) methods. In the following,99mTc-labeled GQDs were prepared in the presence of SnCl2.2H2O as a reducing agent between 95 and 100 °C. The biodistribution and tumor targeting efficiency of radiolabeled GQDs as a novel agent for C6 glioma tumor scintigraphy in an animal model were evaluated. Furthermore, organ uptake, human serum albumin binding and tumor accumulation were measured.The TEM image of the prepared GQDs showed a relatively uniform size distribution in the range of diameter 6-9 nm and spherical shape. Radiolabeled GQDs showed a radiochemical yield of >97% (n = 3). Through incubation in human serum, almost 15% of 99mTc-labeled GQDs degraded after 6 h. The amount of uptake in xenograft models of glioma C6 rats was 1.10 ± 0.36% of injection dose per gram after 1 h. The kidneys, intestinal and glioma tumor sites were observed via scintigraphy imaging.Our data suggest that 99mTc-labeled GQDs, as a new radiotracer, efficiently accumulate in the tumor site and could be included as a radiotracer for detecting glioma tumors.