HIV 感染者 (PLWH) 可能会出现血细胞减少或凝血缺陷。这些疾病的严重程度受 CD4 淋巴细胞水平低、病毒载量和病毒感染阶段的影响。我们的回顾性观察研究的目的是确定 PLWH 中血细胞减少和凝血缺陷的频率以及血液制品替代治疗的需要。我们试图确定严重贫血或血小板减少症（需要替代治疗）与 CD4 T 淋巴细胞水平之间是否存在关联。所有 29 名患者均病情危重，其中 29 名患者中有 27 名 (93%) 处于 HIV 疾病晚期，29 名患者中有 23 名 (79%) 的 CD4 淋巴细胞计数低于 200 个细胞/微升。大多数患者要么迟到（45%），要么失访（41%）。除 HIV 感染外，各种可能改变血液学参数的疾病也与之相关，包括肝炎病毒合并感染、不同部位的结核病、恶性疾病、脓毒症、SARS-CoV-2 感染或其他机会性感染。严重贫血或严重血小板减少或凝血缺陷与 CD4 T 淋巴细胞计数之间未发现显着相关性。我们的数据表明，晚期 HIV 感染患者的这些血液疾病更有可能与合并症相关，而不是 HIV 感染本身。

Cytopenias or coagulation deficiencies can occur in people living with HIV (PLWH). The severity of these disorders is influenced by the low levels of CD4+ lymphocytes, viral load, and the stage of viral infection. The aim of our retrospective observational study was to determine the frequency of cytopenias and coagulation deficiencies in PLWH as well as the need for replacement therapy with blood products. We sought to determine whether there is an association between severe anemia or thrombocytopenia (requiring replacement therapy) and CD4+T lymphocyte levels. All 29 patients were critically ill, with 27 out of 29 (93%) in advanced stages of HIV disease and 23 out of 29 (79%) having CD4+ lymphocyte counts below 200 cells/microL. Most patients were either late presenters (45%) or had been lost to follow-up (41%). In addition to HIV infection, various conditions that could alter hematologic parameters were associated, including co-infections with hepatitis viruses, tuberculosis at various sites, malignant diseases, sepsis, SARS-CoV-2 infection, or other opportunistic infections. No significant correlation was found between severe anemia or severe thrombocytopenia or coagulation deficiencies and the CD4+T lymphocyte count. Our data suggest that these hematological disorders in patients with advanced HIV infection are more likely to be associated comorbidities rather than the HIV infection per se.