体力活动可以为癌症患者带来身体和心理上的益处，并降低发病率和死亡率，但坚持程度各不相同。高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 既省时又可以提高依从性。我们的目标是确定癌症患者坚持 HIIT 的障碍和促进因素。系统回顾和荟萃分析。PubMed-MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science。干预研究包括诊断患有任何类型癌症且参加 HIIT 的患者在治疗的任何阶段有或没有联合干预，并报告了依从性的结果。筛选了 800 篇文章，纳入了 22 篇 (n=807)； 19 人被纳入荟萃分析 (n=755)。 HIIT 的加权坚持率为 88%（95% CI，81% 至 94%）。没有一项研究报告严重的不良事件。尽管女性身份和患有乳腺癌与较低的依从性相关（p<0.05），但年龄却并非如此（p=0.15）。与治疗前和治疗后阶段相比，治疗阶段的依从性显着降低，分别为 83%、94% 和 96%（p<0.001）。当无人监督并与其他干预措施相结合时，超过 60 分钟的疗程时间与依从性下降相关 (p<0.05)。癌症患者对 HIIT 计划的依从性各不相同，当干预措施受到监督、持续时间较短、包括以下内容时，依从性会得到改善：仅进行 HIIT，不与其他运动相结合，并在治疗前和治疗后阶段进行。可能需要提高特定亚群对 HIIT 依从性的策略，以确保为所有癌症患者提供获得与身体活动相关的益处的最佳机会。CRD42023430180.© 作者（或其雇主）2024 年。无商业用途重复使用。请参阅权利和权限。英国医学杂志出版。

Physical activity confers physical and psychosocial benefits for cancer patients and decreases morbidity and mortality, but adherence varies. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is time-efficient and may improve adherence. Our aim was to determine barriers and enablers of adherence to HIIT in patients diagnosed with cancer.Systematic review and meta-analysis.PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science.Intervention studies including patients diagnosed with any type of cancer, who engaged in HIIT with or without co-intervention in any stage of treatment and have reported outcomes for adherence.Eight hundred articles were screened and 22 were included (n=807); 19 were included in the meta-analysis (n=755). Weighted adherence to HIIT was 88% (95% CI, 81% to 94%). None of the studies reported serious adverse events. Although being a woman and having breast cancer were associated with lower adherence (p<0.05), age was not (p=0.15). Adherence was significantly lower during the treatment phase in comparison with pre- and post-treatment phases, 83% versus 94% and 96%, respectively (p<0.001). Session time of more than 60 min, when unsupervised and combined with other interventions, was associated with decreased adherence (p<0.05).Adherence to HIIT programmes among cancer patients varies and is improved when the intervention is supervised, of shorter duration, consists of solely HIIT and not in combination with other exercise and occurs during pre- and post-treatment phases. Strategies to improve adherence to HIIT in specific subpopulations may be needed to ensure all patients with cancer are provided optimal opportunities to reap the benefits associated with physical activity.CRD42023430180.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.