随着人口老龄化，国家卫生系统在资源分配方面面临着艰难的权衡。世界银行发起了健康长寿倡议，为投资可改善健康长寿和人力资本的政策提供证据。作为该计划的一部分，我们量化了减少主要非传染性疾病和伤害造成的可避免死亡率的经济价值。我们估计了 2000 年、2019 年和 2050 年每种死因以及地理区域的可避免死亡率（最低达到的死亡率边界与预计死亡率轨迹之间的差异），并分别考虑了高收入国家、印度和中国；我们将经济价值应用于这些估计。降低心血管疾病可避免死亡率的经济价值对于所有地区的男女来说都很大，到 2019 年将达到年收入的 2-8%。对于癌症，在高收入国家和中国，这一数字将达到年收入的 5-6%就伤害而言，撒哈拉以南非洲以及拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的比例约为 5%。尽管我们的估计存在很大的不确定性，但我们通过原因和与年收入相当的指标提供了降低可避免死亡率的经济价值，这使得多部门优先事项设定成为可能，并与围绕预算和资源分配的高层政策讨论相关。© 2024。作者（s）。

With population aging, national health systems face difficult trade-offs in allocating resources. The World Bank launched the Healthy Longevity Initiative to generate evidence for investing in policies that can improve healthy longevity and human capital. As part of this initiative, we quantified the economic value of reducing avoidable mortality from major noncommunicable diseases and injuries. We estimated avoidable mortality-the difference between lowest-achieved mortality frontiers and projected mortality trajectories-for each cause of death, for 2000, 2019 and 2050, and for geographic regions, with high-income countries, India and China considered separately; we applied economic values to these estimates. The economic value of reducing cardiovascular disease avoidable mortality would be large for both sexes in all regions, reaching 2-8% of annual income in 2019. For cancers, it would be 5-6% of annual income in high-income countries and China, and for injuries, it would be around 5% in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean. Despite the large uncertainty surrounding our estimates, we offer economic values for reducing avoidable mortality by cause and metrics comparable to annual incomes, which enable multisectoral priority setting and are relevant for high-level policy discussions around budget and resource allocations.© 2024. The Author(s).