自然杀伤（NK）细胞是关键的先天免疫淋巴细胞，在对抗肿瘤方面发挥着重要作用。然而，肿瘤浸润 NK 细胞总是功能低下/耗尽。一方面，这种状态是由抑制性 NK 细胞检查点受体及其配体之间的背景依赖性相互作用造成的，这种相互作用通常在肿瘤发展过程中的不同肿瘤类型和阶段中有所不同。另一方面，不同肿瘤类型中 NK 细胞胞内检查点分子的抑制功能更加相似，代表了限制 NK 细胞治疗潜力的共同机制。在这篇综述中，综述了 NK 细胞生物学不同方面的代表性 NK 细胞胞内检查点分子，并讨论了通过靶向这些分子来促进抗肿瘤 NK 细胞治疗的治疗潜力。© 2024。高等教育出版社。

Natural killer (NK) cells are key innate immune lymphocytes, which play important roles against tumors. However, tumor-infiltrating NK cells are always hypofunctional/exhaustive. On the one hand, this state is contributed by context-dependent interactions between inhibitory NK cell checkpoint receptors and their ligands, which usually vary in different tumor types and stages during tumor development. On the other hand, the inhibitory functions of intracellular checkpoint molecules of NK cells are more similar across different tumor types, representing common mechanisms limiting the potential of NK cell therapy. In this review, representative NK cell intracellular checkpoint molecules in different aspects of NK cell biology were reviewed, and therapeutic potentials were discussed by targeting these molecules to promote antitumor NK cell therapy.© 2024. Higher Education Press.