肿瘤微生物群研究是肿瘤学的一个新领域。随着高通量测序的进步，越来越多的证据表明肿瘤组织内存在微生物群落。这些细菌进入肿瘤细胞的方式各不相同，包括通过粘膜、血流或肠道器官轴的侵入。既往文献表明，微生物通过影响宿主免疫系统、促进炎症、调节代谢、激活侵袭转移等多种机制促进癌症的发生和进展。肿瘤微生物群的研究为癌症的诊断和治疗提供了新的视角，并具有开发新的诊断工具和疗法的潜力。肿瘤微生物群在癌症发病机制中的作用越来越明显，未来的研究将继续揭示这些微生物的具体作用机制，有可能为癌症预防和治疗的新策略和方法提供线索。本文综述了该领域的最新进展，包括肿瘤内微生物如何迁移、致癌机制、不同类型肿瘤微生物的特点以及相关方法在肿瘤微生物群研究中的应用以及靶向肿瘤微生物的临床价值。癌症治疗。© 2024。作者获得 Springer Nature America, Inc. 的独家许可。

Tumor microbiota research is a new field in oncology. With the advancement of high-throughput sequencing, there is growing evidence that a microbial community exists within tumor tissue. How these bacteria access tumor cells varies, including through the invasion of mucous membranes, the bloodstream, or the gut-organ axis. Previous literature has shown that microbes promote the development and progression of cancer through various mechanisms, such as affecting the host's immune system, promoting inflammation, regulating metabolism, and activating invasion and transfer. The study of the tumor microbiota offers a new perspective for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and it holds the potential for the development of new diagnostic tools and therapies. The role of the tumor microbiota in the pathogenesis of cancer is becoming increasingly evident, and future research will continue to uncover the specific mechanisms of action of these microbes, potentially shedding light on new strategies and methods for cancer prevention and therapy. This article reviews the latest advancements in this field, including how intratumor microbes migrate, their carcinogenic mechanisms, and the characteristics of different types of tumor microbes as well as the application of relevant methods in tumor microbiota research and the clinical values of targeting tumor microbes in cancer therapy.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.