结直肠癌（CRC）筛查已被证明可以降低死亡率和该疾病的发病率。大多数 CRC 筛查项目均基于粪便免疫化学检测 (FIT)，但参与率较低。寻找血液蛋白生物标志物可以开发出更被接受的筛查测试。本系统评价的目的是比较最有前途的血清蛋白生物标志物的诊断潜力。 2010 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月期间，PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了一项基于 PRISMA 指南的系统评价。其中包括评估用于 CRC 筛查的血液蛋白生物标志物的研究。收集每个生物标志物的敏感性、特异性和 ROC 曲线下面积。在 4685 项筛选研究中，有 94 项被考虑进行分析。其中大多数是病例对照研究，导致候选生物标志物的性能被高估。没有蛋白质生物标志物或生物标志物组合的性能似乎与 FIT 的性能相匹配。需要采用合适的设计和人群、测试新的检测技术或基于 FIT 与血清检测相结合的算法进行研究。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利出版的《分子肿瘤学》

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been proven to reduce both mortality and the incidence of this disease. Most CRC screening programs are based on fecal immunochemical tests (FITs), which have a low participation rate. Searching for blood protein biomarkers can lead to the development of a more accepted screening test. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the diagnostic potential of the most promising serum protein biomarkers. A systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases between January 2010 and December 2023. Studies assessing blood protein biomarkers for CRC screening were included. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve of each biomarker were collected. Among 4685 screened studies, 94 were considered for analysis. Most of them were case-control studies, leading to an overestimation of the performance of candidate biomarkers. The performance of no protein biomarker or combination of biomarkers appears to match that of the FIT. Studies with a suitable design and population, testing new assay techniques, or based on algorithms combining FIT with serum tests are needed.© 2024 The Author(s). Molecular Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies.