心血管疾病中的核酸液体活检：无细胞DNA液体活检中的心血管疾病
Nucleic acid liquid biopsies in cardiovascular disease: Cell-free DNA liquid biopsies in cardiovascular disease
影响因子:5.70000
分区:医学2区 Top / 外周血管病2区 心脏和心血管系统3区
发表日期:2024 Nov
作者:
Tyler Artner, Smriti Sharma, Irene M Lang
摘要
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球死亡的主要原因，尽管进行了治疗，但心血管功能不能总是恢复，并且可以预防疾病的进展。关键见解通常基于组织样本。当前对组织病理学的知识通常依赖于侵入性活检或验尸样本。评估循环介质以推断遥远组织的组织学和病理学的液体活检一直在癌症研究中迅速发展，并提供了一种有希望的方法，可以转化为对CVD的理解和治疗。在急性和慢性心血管疾病期间，无细胞DNA的升高已广为人知，与疾病，严重程度相关，并提供预后价值。中性粒细胞外陷阱（NET）和循环核酸酶在血栓形成中的作用为CVD中的液体活检提供了坚实的基本原理。 CFDNA起源于各种组织类型和细胞来源，包括线粒体和核，可用于追踪细胞和组织类型的谱系，并深入了解细胞的激活状态。本文讨论了CFDNA的起源，结构和潜在效用，为理解CVD的复杂性提供了更深入，更侵入性的方法。
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and despite treatment efforts, cardiovascular function cannot always be restored, and progression of disease be prevented. Critical insights are oftentimes based on tissue samples. Current knowledge of tissue pathology typically relies on invasive biopsies or postmortem samples. Liquid biopsies, which assess circulating mediators to deduce the histology and pathology of distant tissues, have been advancing rapidly in cancer research and offer a promising approach to be translated to the understanding and treatment of CVD. The widely understood elevations in cell-free DNA during acute and chronic cardiovascular conditions, associate with disease, severity, and offer prognostic value. The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and circulating nucleases in thrombosis provide a solid rationale for liquid biopsies in CVD. cfDNA originates from various tissue types and cellular sources, including mitochondria and nuclei, and can be used to trace cell and tissue type lineage, as well as to gain insight into the activation status of cells. This article discusses the origin, structure, and potential utility of cfDNA, offering a deeper and less invasive approach for the understanding of the complexities of CVD.