脂质成像质谱技术：迈向新型分子组织学
Lipid imaging mass spectrometry: Towards a new molecular histology
DOI 原文链接
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影响因子:3.3
分区:生物学2区 / 生物物理2区 生化与分子生物学3区 细胞生物学3区
发表日期:2025 Jan
作者:
Ibai Calvo, Olatz Fresnedo, Lorena Mosteiro, José I López, Gorka Larrinaga, José A Fernández
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159568
摘要
脂质研究正受到越来越多的关注，因为这些分子是理解细胞代谢和基因型与表型联系的关键组成部分。脂质研究的发展也受到新型强大技术的推动，能够在一次检测中识别更多物种，且在更低浓度下进行。其一项关键进展是成像技术，使得脂质在组织中的分布可以以细胞分辨率进行可视化。借助这些技术提供的空间信息，可以将脂质组特征与单个细胞相关联，反映其特定的代谢状态，这极大地促进了对包括癌症在内的多种病理状态的代谢变化的理解。此外，脂质的成像正逐渐成为一种新型的分子组织学，有望在医院的诊断部门发挥重要作用。本文探讨了该技术的现状及未来将其引入诊断单元的步骤。通过对透明细胞肾细胞癌的案例研究，展示了这项技术在分析恶性肿瘤中的潜力和面临的挑战，因其具有显著的细胞和分子异质性。
Abstract
Lipid research is attracting greater attention, as these molecules are key components to understand cell metabolism and the connection between genotype and phenotype. The study of lipids has also been fueled by the development of new and powerful technologies, able to identify an increasing number of species in a single run and at decreasing concentrations. One of such key developments has been the image techniques that enable the visualization of lipid distribution over a tissue with cell resolution. Thanks to the spatial information reported by such techniques, it is possible to associate a lipidome trait to individual cells, in fixed metabolic stages, which greatly facilitates understanding the metabolic changes associated to diverse pathological conditions, such as cancer. Furthermore, the image of lipids is becoming a kind of new molecular histology that has great chances to make an impact in the diagnostic units of the hospitals. Here, we examine the current state of the technology and analyze what the next steps to bring it into the diagnosis units should be. To illustrate the potential and challenges of this technology, we present a case study on clear cell renal cell carcinoma, a good model for analyzing malignant tumors due to their significant cellular and molecular heterogeneity.