本研究旨在评估计算机断层扫描 (CT) 检测腹水对胃癌 (GC) 伴腹膜转移 (PM) 的诊断意义，并探讨其与全身炎症反应的关系。 这项回顾性研究纳入了 111 例伴有腹水的 GC（PM：n = 51；无 PM：n = 60)。收集全身炎症指标、肿瘤标志物和腹水的CT评估特征。分析两组参数的差异。通过接受者操作特征曲线分析获得诊断性能。通过相关分析评估腹水量与临床特征之间的关系。在本研究中，超过一半的腹水GC与PM无关。两组的全身免疫炎症指数（SII）、中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、血小板-淋巴细胞比值（PLR）、5种肿瘤标志物以及腹水特征均存在显着性差异（均p<0.05）。其中，SII、NLR、PLR、腹水量的曲线下面积分别为0.700、0.698、0.704、0.903。此外，PM GC 中腹水量与 SII、NLR 和 PLR 呈正相关，上腹部检测到的腹水量与 CA125 水平相关性更强（均 p< 0.05）。同步 PM 未检测到腹水。上腹部腹水的存在对于GC中PM的诊断具有一定的临床意义。全身炎症指标升高，且与伴有 PM 的 GC 腹水量呈正相关，提示全身炎症反应增强。伴有 PM 的 GC 反应增强，这可能有助于临床评估。许多 CT 检测到腹水的 GC 并没有同时出现 PM。 CT 检测到的上腹部腹水有助于识别 GC 中的 PM。伴有 PM 的 GC 显示全身炎症指数升高并增强全身炎症反应。© 2024。作者。

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of computed tomography (CT) detected ascites in gastric cancer (GC) with peritoneal metastasis (PM) and investigate its association with systemic inflammatory response.This retrospective study included 111 GCs with ascites (PM: n = 51; No PM: n = 60). Systemic inflammatory indexes, tumor markers, and the CT-assessed characteristics of ascites were collected. The differences in parameters between the two groups were analyzed. Diagnostic performance was obtained by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The association between the volume of ascites and clinical characteristics was evaluated with correlation analysis.In this study, over half of GCs with ascites were not involved with PM. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), five tumor markers, and the characteristics of ascites showed significant differences between the two groups (all p < 0.05). Among them, SII, NLR, PLR, and the volume of ascites achieved the areas under the curve of 0.700, 0.698, 0.704, and 0.903, respectively. Moreover, the volumes of ascites showed positive correlations with SII, NLR, and PLR in GCs with PM, and the volumes of ascites detected in the upper abdomen were more strongly correlated with CA125 level (all p < 0.05).Many GCs with CT-detected ascites did not occur with synchronous PM. The presence of upper abdominal ascites had certain clinical significance for diagnosing PM in GCs. Systemic inflammatory indexes were elevated and positively correlated with the volume of ascites in GCs with PM, which might suggest the enhanced systemic inflammatory response.CT-detected ascites in the upper abdomen played an indicative role in identifying synchronous PM in GCs, and the systemic inflammatory response was enhanced in GCs with PM, which might be helpful for clinical evaluation.Many GCs with CT-detected ascites did not occur with synchronous PM. CT-detected ascites in the upper abdomen help in identifying PM in GCs. GCs with PM showed elevated systemic inflammatory indexes and enhanced systemic inflammatory response.© 2024. The Author(s).