由于多种健康和环境效益，植物性饮食越来越受欢迎。一些证据表明，植物性饮食有益于泌尿系统健康。在泌尿生殖肿瘤学中，大多数研究都集中在前列腺癌。临床试验结果表明，健康生活方式的改变（包括前列腺癌治疗前后的植物性饮食）产生了有利的影响。流行病学证据表明，与较少植物性食物和较多动物性食物的饮食相比，较高植物性食物和较低动物性食物的饮食与较低的侵袭性前列腺癌风险和更好的生活质量得分相关。关于膀胱癌和肾癌的研究很少，但有限的数据表明，素食或植物性饮食模式（增加水果和蔬菜的摄入量并尽量减少肉类）与较少水果和蔬菜的饮食模式相比，患这些癌症的风险较低。蔬菜和更多的肉。对于良性泌尿系统疾病，流行病学研究表明，与非植物性饮食模式相比，植物性饮食模式与良性前列腺增生和尿路感染的风险较低相关。与动物性食品含量高、植物性食品含量低的饮食相比，大量流行病学证据还表明，增加健康植物性食品的消费与降低勃起功能障碍的风险有关。与不遵循这些参数的饮食模式相比，富含水果和蔬菜、钙摄入量正常、同时限制动物蛋白和盐的植物性饮食模式与肾结石形成的风险较低相关。总体而言，增加植物性食品的消费量和减少动物性食品的摄入量与多种泌尿系统疾病有良好的关联。© 2024。Springer Nature Limited。

Plant-based diets have grown in popularity owing to multiple health and environmental benefits. Some evidence suggests that plant-based diets are associated with benefits for urological health. In genitourinary oncology, most research has focused on prostate cancer. Clinical trial results suggest a favourable influence of healthy lifestyle modifications including plant-based diets before and after prostate cancer treatment. Epidemiological evidence shows that a diet higher in plant-based and lower in animal-based food is associated with a lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer and better quality-of-life scores than a diet with less plant-based and more animal-based food. Studies on bladder and kidney cancer are scarce, but limited data suggest that vegetarian or plant-forward dietary patterns (increased consumption of fruits and vegetables and minimizing meat) are associated with a lower risk of development of these cancers than dietary patterns with fewer fruits and vegetables and more meat. With respect to benign urological conditions, epidemiological studies suggest that plant-based dietary patterns are associated with a lower risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia and urinary tract infections than non-plant-based dietary patterns. Compared with diets high in animal-based foods and low in plant-based foods, a substantial body of epidemiological evidence also suggests that increased consumption of healthy plant-based food is associated with a lower risk of erectile dysfunction. Plant-based dietary patterns that are high in fruits and vegetables with normal calcium intake, while limiting animal protein and salt, are associated with a lower risk of kidney stone development than dietary patterns that do not follow these parameters. Overall, increasing consumption of plant-based foods and reducing intake of animal-based foods has favourable associations with multiple urological conditions.© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.