细菌细胞外囊泡（BEV）已成为细菌和宿主之间的关键介质。除了在宿主体内平衡中发挥重要作用外，它们最近还与癌症等疾病病理有关。因此，纯电动汽车的研究代表了一个有趣且快速发展的领域，具有巨大的转化潜力。在这篇综述中，我们简要介绍了 BEV 的特性、货物和生物发生的基本原理。我们重点总结了目前 BEV 与各种癌症类型之间的关系，说明了它们在肿瘤发生、治疗反应和患者生存中的作用。我们进一步讨论了 BEV 的固有优势，例如稳定性、丰度和特定的货物特征，这些优势使它们成为非侵入性诊断和预后方法的有吸引力的候选者。该综述还探讨了 BEV 作为癌症治疗策略的潜力，考虑到它们提供治疗药物、调节肿瘤微环境 (TME) 和引发免疫调节反应的能力。了解 BEV 的临床意义可能有助于制定更有针对性和个性化的治疗策略。这篇全面的综述评估了 BEV 的当前进展，并提出了一些问题，以鼓励在这一新兴领域进行进一步研究，以充分利用 BEV 的优势，充分发挥其在抗癌临床应用中的潜力。© 2024 作者。 《Journal of Extracellular Vesicles》由 Wiley periodicals LLC 代表国际细胞外囊泡学会出版。

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) have emerged as pivotal mediators between bacteria and host. In addition to being crucial players in host homeostasis, they have recently been implicated in disease pathologies such as cancer. Hence, the study of BEVs represents an intriguing and rapidly evolving field with substantial translational potential. In this review, we briefly introduce the fundamentals of BEV characteristics, cargo and biogenesis. We emphatically summarize the current relationship between BEVs across various cancer types, illustrating their role in tumorigenesis, treatment responses and patient survival. We further discuss the inherent advantages of BEVs, such as stability, abundance and specific cargo profiles, that make them attractive candidates for non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic approaches. The review also explores the potential of BEVs as a strategy for cancer therapy, considering their ability to deliver therapeutic agents, modulate the tumour microenvironment (TME) and elicit immunomodulatory responses. Understanding the clinical significance of BEVs may lead to the development of better-targeted and personalized treatment strategies. This comprehensive review evaluates the current progress surrounding BEVs and poses questions to encourage further research in this emerging field to harness the benefits of BEVs for their full potential in clinical applications against cancer.© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Extracellular Vesicles published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.