EB 病毒 (EBV) 导致一系列人类疾病，并在不同人群中表现出相当大的患病率。分子流行病学研究的进展增强了我们对 EB 病毒相关病理学的理解。在本研究中，我们的目的是调查中国重庆市 EBV 感染的流行病学概况和临床特征。我们纳入了2013年5月至2022年11月期间在重庆医科大学第一附属医院收治的疑似EBV相关疾病的患者。纳入标准基于接受EBV特异性免疫荧光或血浆EBV-DNA检测的患者。 13 584名住院患者中，EBNA-1-IgG、EBV-VCA-IgM、EBV-EA-IgG、EBV-EA-IgA、EBV-VCA-IgA、EBV-DNA总体血清阳性率分别为91.89%、7.22%分别为 18.00%、16.19%、30.78% 和 18.00%。 EBNA-1-IgG 的血清阳性率随着年龄的增长而稳步上升。作为急性EBV感染指标的VCA-IgM血清阳性率在11-20岁患者中最高，为26.41%，在老年患者中下降至2%-6%。另外，205名门诊患者中，EBV-DNA阳性率为14.15%。健康体检中心3670人中，EBV-EA-IgA、EBV-VCA-IgA血清阳性率分别为11.96%、28.09%，EBV-DNA阳性率为11.92%，均较低。比那些住院病人。 762例EBV-DNA阳性住院患者中，31-40岁成年人受影响最小，血清阳性率为12.00%，随年龄增长而升高。与原发性EBV感染相关的最常见疾病是传染性单核细胞增多症（IM）（35.49%），其次是EBV感染（14.15%）和肺炎（7.19%）。与EBV再激活相关的最常见疾病是肺炎（16.80%）、鼻咽癌（NPC）（11.02%）和自身免疫性疾病（7.04%）。噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症（HLH）患者的病毒载量最高，明显高于鼻咽癌、肺炎和肝硬化患者。这项大规模回顾性研究探讨了各年龄段 EBV 感染的流行病学特征和疾病谱。这些发现有助于改进 EBV 感染的诊断和管理策略。© 2024 Wiley periodicals LLC。

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is responsible for a spectrum of human diseases and demonstrates a considerable prevalence among various populations. Advances in molecular epidemiological research have enhanced our comprehension of EBV-related pathologies. In this study, our objective was to examine the epidemiological profile and clinical features of EBV infection in Chongqing, China. We enrolled patients suspected of EBV-related diseases who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between May 2013 and November 2022. Inclusion criteria were based on those who underwent EBV-specific immunofluorescence or plasma EBV-DNA testing. Among 13 584 inpatients, the overall seropositivity rates for EBNA-1-IgG, EBV-VCA-IgM, EBV-EA-IgG, EBV-EA-IgA, EBV-VCA-IgA, and EBV-DNA were 91.89%, 7.22%, 18.00%, 16.19%, 30.78%, and 18.00%, respectively. The seropositivity rate for EBNA-1-IgG steadily increased with age. The seropositivity rate for VCA-IgM, an indicator of acute EBV infection, was highest in patients aged 11-20 years at 26.41%, decreasing to 2%-6% in older patients. Additionally, among 205 outpatients, the EBV-DNA positivity rate was 14.15%. In 3670 individuals from health check-up centers, the seropositivity rates for EBV-EA-IgA and EBV-VCA-IgA were 11.96% and 28.09%, respectively, and the EBV-DNA positivity rate was 11.92%, all of which were lower than those in inpatients. Among the 762 EBV-DNA positive inpatients, adults aged 31-40 years were the least affected, with a seropositivity rate of 12.00%, which increased with age. The most common diseases associated with primary EBV infection were infectious mononucleosis (IM) (35.49%), followed by EBV infection (14.15%) and pneumonia (7.19%). The most common diseases associated with EBV reactivation were pneumonia (16.80%), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) (11.02%), and autoimmune diseases (7.04%). Patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) had the highest viral load, significantly higher than those with NPC, pneumonia, and liver cirrhosis. This large-scale retrospective study explores the epidemiological characteristics and disease spectrum of EBV infection across all age groups. The findings contribute to the improvement of diagnostic and management strategies for EBV infection.© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.