关于麻醉技术对抗肿瘤免疫的影响的文献很少，特别是在胆囊恶性肿瘤中。我们设计了一项研究来比较基于丙泊酚的全静脉麻醉和基于七氟烷的全身麻醉对抗肿瘤免疫的影响，包括肿瘤生长因子-β (TGF-β)、T 辅助细胞谱和炎症标志物。对 64 名在三级专科癌症医院接受全身麻醉下接受胆囊恶性肿瘤手术的患者进行了一项前瞻性前瞻性随机试验。符合纳入标准的 ASA 身体状况 I-III 的成年癌症患者被随机分为 S 组（基于七氟烷的全身麻醉）或 T 组（基于丙泊酚的全静脉麻醉）。采集术前（手术当天上午）和术后（术后24小时和1个月）的血样。两组之间的人口统计学特征和术前参数具有可比性。术后TGF-β值有统计学差异（T组较高）。术后IL-17A值（代表TH17细胞）存在统计学显着性差异，并且发现S组较高。基于异丙酚的TIVA增加了血清TGF-β水平。同时，七氟烷可调节基于 T 辅助细胞的免疫力，以增加胆囊癌患者的 TH17 细胞。需要进行多项更大规模的研究来验证结果并提供有用的建议。© 2024 UICC。

There is a paucity of literature regarding the effect of anesthetic techniques on antitumor immunity, especially in gall bladder malignancies. We designed a study to compare the effect of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia and sevoflurane-based general anesthesia-on antitumor immunity, including tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β), T-helper cell profile, and inflammatory markers. A pilot prospective randomized trial was conducted in 64 patients undergoing surgery for gall bladder malignancy under general anesthesia in a tertiary specialty cancer hospital. Adult cancer patients of ASA physical status I-III fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomized to either group S (sevoflurane-based general anesthesia) or group T (propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia). Preoperative (morning of surgery) and postoperative (24 h and 1 month after surgery) blood samples were obtained. Demographic profile and preoperative parameters were comparable between both groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the postoperative value of TGF-β (higher in group T). There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative interleukin-17A value (indicative of TH17 cells), and it was found to be higher in group S. Propofol-based TIVA increases serum TGF-β levels. At the same time, Sevoflurane modulates T-helper cells-based immunity to increase TH17 cells in patients with gall bladder cancer. Multiple larger studies will be required to validate the results and provide useful recommendations.© 2024 UICC.