化疗的后期影响可能会影响癌症幸存者的死亡率。本研究旨在阐明胃腺癌新辅助化疗是否会影响治愈该肿瘤的个体的长期生存。这是一项全国性的、以人群为基础的队列研究，包括 2006 年至 2015 年间在瑞典接受胃腺癌胃切除术的所有个体手术后存活 ≥ 5年。对队列进行随访直至死亡或研究期结束（2020 年 12 月 31 日）。使用多变量 Cox 比例风险回归提供具有 95% 置信区间 (CI) 的风险比 (HR)。根据年龄、性别、合并症、教育程度、日历年份、肿瘤亚位置、院内并发症和脾切除术对 HR 进行调整。数据来自病历和全国登记。在 613 名胃腺癌幸存者中，新辅助化疗（269 名患者使用；43.9%）与粗死亡率降低相关（HR 0.66，95% CI 0.46-0.96）。然而，在调整所有混杂因素（HR 0.83，95% CI 0.56-1.23）以及仅调整年龄和合并症（HR 0.82，95% CI 0.56-1.20）后，这种关联性减弱并变得不显着。分层分析未发现新辅助化疗与年龄、性别、合并症、历年和肿瘤亚位等类别的长期死亡率之间存在任何统计学上的显着关联。新辅助化疗并没有降低胃腺癌幸存者的长期生存率。接受新辅助化疗的患者是经过挑选的一组，其特点是年龄较小、严重合并症较少，因此长期生存的机会较好。© 2024。作者。

Late effects of chemotherapy could affect mortality amongst cancer survivors. This study aimed to clarify if neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma influences the long-term survival in individuals cured of this tumour.This was a nationwide and population-based cohort study that included all individuals who underwent gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma in Sweden between 2006 and 2015 and survived for ≥ 5 years after surgery. The cohort was followed up until death or end of study period (31 December 2020). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to provide hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The HR were adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, education, calendar year, tumour sub-location, in-hospital complications, and splenectomy. Data came from medical records and nationwide registers.Amongst 613 gastric adenocarcinoma survivors, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (used in 269 patients; 43.9%) was associated with a decreased crude mortality rate (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.96). However, the association attenuated and became statistically non-significant after adjustment for all confounders (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.56-1.23) and after adjustments solely for age and comorbidity (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.56-1.20). Stratified analyses did not reveal any statistically significant associations between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and long-term mortality in categories of age, sex, comorbidity, calendar year and tumour sub-location.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not decrease the long-term survival amongst gastric adenocarcinoma survivors. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were a selected group characterised by younger age and fewer severe comorbidities and therefore with better chances of long-term survival.© 2024. The Author(s).