外渗（EV），或静脉注射期间抗癌药物渗漏到血管周围和皮下组织中，可能会导致严重的情况，可能需要手术干预。因此，需要基于系统审查的电动汽车指南的更新。此外，目前的指南中，导致 EV 的抗癌药物的分类尚未标准化，并且一些新药尚未分类。因此，本研究旨在利用基于证据的信息制定指南，以便在日本 EV 的预防、早期检测、治疗和护理方面进行共同决策，并根据系统评价提供组织损伤的附加分类。癌症护理 (JSCN)、日本肿瘤内科学会 (JSMO) 和日本药物肿瘤学会 (JASPO) 就与 EV 相关的重大临床挑战进行了调查，并制定了 17 个临床问题 (CQ)。使用每个 CQ 中列出的患者、干预、比较和结果术语作为关键词来搜索 PubMed 和 ICHUSHI Web。对于新药的分类，使用搜索词“外渗”、“注射部位反应”、“不良事件”和单个药物名称作为关键词，选择截至 2021 年 2 月发表的文章。根据结果提出建议针对中心静脉（CV）装置（CQ2、CQ3a、CQ3b 和 CQ3c）的选择、定期更换外周静脉导管（CQ5）和福沙匹坦（CQ7）的使用进行了随机对照试验（RCT）。这些 CQ 很新颖，在之前的指南中没有提及。不鼓励采用温热加压单一疗法 (CQ10b) 和局部注射类固醇 (CQ12) 来治疗 EV。十种新药被分类用于治疗 EV 组织损伤。这项研究为预防和治疗 EV 提供了最新指南，可用于帮助医疗保健提供者和患者及其家人更好地进行 EV 管理。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

Extravasation (EV), or the leakage of anticancer drugs into perivascular and subcutaneous tissues during intravenous administration, can cause serious conditions that may require surgical intervention. Therefore, updated guidelines for EV based on systematic review are needed. Additionally, classifications for anticancer drugs that cause EV are not standardized across the current guidelines, and some novel drugs have not been classified. Therefore, this study aimed to formulate guidelines using evidence-based information for shared decision making on prevention, early detection, treatment, and care for EV in Japan and provide additional classification for tissue injury based on systematic review.The members of the Japanese Society of Cancer Nursing (JSCN), Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO), and Japanese Society of Pharmaceutical Oncology (JASPO) were surveyed about significant clinical challenges related to EV, and 17 clinical questions (CQs) were formulated. PubMed and ICHUSHI Web were searched using the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes terms listed in each CQ as key words. For the classification of new drugs, articles published through February 2021 were selected using the search terms 'extravasation', 'injection-site reaction', 'adverse events', and the names of individual drugs as key words.Recommendations based on the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were made with regard to the selection of central venous (CV) devices (CQ2, CQ3a, CQ3b, and CQ3c), regular replacement of peripheral venous catheters (CQ5), and use of fosaprepitant (CQ7). These CQs are novel and were not mentioned in previous guidelines. Warm compression monotherapy (CQ10b) and local injection of steroids (CQ12) are discouraged for the management of EV. Ten new drugs were classified for EV tissue injury.This study provides updated guidelines for the prevention and treatment of EV, which can be used to help health care providers and patients and their families practice better EV management.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.