自噬和癌症治疗。
Autophagy and cancer therapy.
发表日期：2024 Oct 10
作者：
Julio M Pimentel, Jun Ying Zhou, Gen Sheng Wu
来源：
CANCER LETTERS
摘要：
自噬是一种细胞内降解过程，将细胞质成分隔离在称为自噬体的双膜囊泡中，这些成分在与溶酶体融合后被降解。该途径保持蛋白质和细胞器的完整性，同时为细胞提供能量和营养，特别是在营养匮乏的情况下。自噬失调会导致基因组不稳定、蛋白质质量低和 DNA 损伤，所有这些都可能导致癌症。癌细胞中的自噬也可能被过度激活，以帮助癌细胞存活和耐药性。新的证据表明，自噬的功能超出了货物降解的范围，包括在肿瘤免疫和癌症干细胞存活中的作用。此外，自噬也会影响肿瘤微环境。这一特征值得进一步研究自噬在癌症中的作用，其中自噬操纵可以改善癌症治疗，包括癌症免疫治疗。本综述讨论了有关自噬调节及其在癌症治疗和耐药性中的作用的最新发现。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process that sequesters cytoplasmic components in double-membrane vesicles known as autophagosomes, which are degraded upon fusion with lysosomes. This pathway maintains the integrity of proteins and organelles while providing energy and nutrients to cells, particularly under nutrient deprivation. Deregulation of autophagy can cause genomic instability, low protein quality, and DNA damage, all of which can contribute to cancer. Autophagy can also be overactivated in cancer cells to aid in cancer cell survival and drug resistance. Emerging evidence indicates that autophagy has functions beyond cargo degradation, including roles in tumor immunity and cancer stem cell survival. Additionally, autophagy can also influence the tumor microenvironment. This feature warrants further investigation of the role of autophagy in cancer, in which autophagy manipulation can improve cancer therapies, including cancer immunotherapy. This review discusses recent findings on the regulation of autophagy and its role in cancer therapy and drug resistance.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.