多方面视角下的实体瘤检测与靶向治疗
Multifaceted perspectives of detecting and targeting solid tumors
DOI 原文链接
用sci-hub下载
如无法下载，请从 Sci-Hub 选择可用站点尝试。
发表日期:2024
作者:
Abhishek Bhattacharya, Anjan Kr Dasgupta
DOI:
10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.03.010
摘要
实体瘤是最常见的癌症形式。迄今为止，在疾病的诊断方面已取得了重大技术和医学进步。然而，早期检测疾病仍远未成为现实，早期发现至关重要。相反，用于对抗实体瘤的治疗和药物开发仍处于起步阶段。传统治疗方法如化疗和放疗由于其对健康细胞和癌细胞的无差别作用而带来挑战。在此背景下，高效的药物靶向成为实体瘤治疗的关键策略。这包括将药物精准递送至癌细胞，同时最大程度减少对健康细胞的伤害。靶向药物在消灭癌细胞、抑制肿瘤生长方面表现出更优的疗效，同时通过优化吸收率减少副作用，进一步降低抗药性风险。此外，依据患者肿瘤的分子特征定制靶向治疗，能够增强治疗效果并降低复发可能。本章节探讨了实体瘤的独特特性、疾病早期检测的可能性，以及超越传统方法的潜在治疗途径。此外，章节还涉及磁场作用于癌细胞的未知特性，利用正常细胞相较于癌细胞对磁场的较低敏感性，提示磁性纳米粒子在选择性破坏癌细胞方面的未来潜力。最后，生物信息学工具及诸如AI辅助密码子偏差分析的非传统方法在理解肿瘤生物学、推动未来靶向治疗的发现中扮演关键角色。
Abstract
Solid tumors are the most prevalent form of cancer. Considerable technological and medical advancements had been achieved for the diagnosis of the disease. However, detection of the disease in an early stage is of utmost importance, still far from reality. On the contrary, the treatment and therapeutic area to combat solid tumors are still in its infancy. Conventional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy pose challenges due to their indiscriminate impact on healthy and cancerous cells. Contextually, efficient drug targeting is a pivotal approach in solid tumor treatment. This involves the precise delivery of drugs to cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy cells. Targeted drugs exhibit superior efficacy in eradicating cancer cells while impeding tumor growth and mitigate side effects by optimizing absorption which further diminishes the risk of resistance. Furthermore, tailoring targeted therapies to a patient's tumor-specific molecular profile augments treatment efficacy and reduces the likelihood of relapse. This chapter discuss about the distinctive characteristics of solid tumors, the possibility of early detection of the disease and potential therapeutic angle beyond the conventional approaches. Additionally, the chapter delves into a hitherto unknown attribute of magnetic field effect to target cancer cells which exploit the relatively less susceptibility of normal cells compared to cancer cells to magnetic fields, suggesting a future potential of magnetic nanoparticles for selective cancer cell destruction. Lastly, bioinformatics tools and other unconventional methodologies such as AI-assisted codon bias analysis have a crucial role in comprehending tumor biology, aiding in the identification of futuristic targeted therapies.