越来越多的证据表明，食用超加工食品与患癌症的风险有关。然而，关于肾细胞癌（RCC）发病率和死亡率的前瞻性证据有限。在这项研究中，我们旨在研究大量美国成​​年人中超加工食品消费与肾细胞癌发病率和死亡率之间的关系。基于人群的队列包括来自前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌筛查的 101,688 名参与者审判。超加工食品通过 NOVA 食品分类系统进行确认。超加工食品的消费量以占总食物摄入量的百分比（克/天）表示。使用 Cox 回归计算前瞻性关联。使用受限三次样条回归来评估非线性。进行亚组分析以调查 RCC 发病率和死亡率的潜在影响因素。在总计 899,731 人年的随访期间（中位时间 9.41 年），共有 410 名参与者出现 RCC，在 1,533,930 人年的随访期间，有 230 名参与者死于 RCC。随访年数（中位数 16.85 年）。在完全调整的模型中，与超加工食品消费量最低五分位数的参与者相比，食用超加工食品的五分位数最高的参与者患 RCC 的风险更高（HR 四分位数 4 vs 1:1.42；95% CI：1.06-1.91；Ptrend = 0.004）和死亡率更高（HR 四分位数 4 与四分位数 1：1.64；95% CI：1.10-2.43；Ptrend = 0.027）。超加工食品消费量与 RCC 发病率和死亡率之间存在线性剂量反应关联（所有 P 非线性 > 0.05）。这些结果的可靠性得到了敏感性和亚组分析的支持。总之，超加工食品的消费量增加与肾细胞癌发病率和死亡率风险增加相关。限制超加工食品的消费可能是 RCC 的主要预防方法。© 2024。作者。

Growing evidence shows that ultra-processed food consumption is associated with the risk of cancer. However, prospective evidence is limited on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence and mortality. In this study, we aimed to examine the association of ultra-processed food consumption and RCC incidence and mortality in a large cohort of US adults.A population-based cohort of 101,688 participants were included from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Ultra-processed food items were confirmed by using the NOVA food classification system. The consumption of ultra-processed food was expressed as a percentage of total food intake (g/day). Prospective associations were calculated using Cox regression. Restricted cubic spline regression was used to assess nonlinearity. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the potential effect modifiers on the incidence and mortality of RCC.A total of 410 participants developed RCC during a total of 899,731 person-years of follow-up (median 9.41 years) and 230 RCC deaths during 1,533,930 person-years of follow-up (median 16.85 years). In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest compared with the lowest quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption had a higher risk of RCC (HR quartile 4 vs 1:1.42; 95% CI: 1.06-1.91; Ptrend = 0.004) and mortality (HR quartile 4 vs. quartile 1: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.10-2.43; Ptrend = 0.027). Linear dose-response associations with RCC incidence and mortality were observed for ultra-processed food consumption (all Pnonlinearity > 0.05). The reliability of these results was supported by sensitivity and subgroup analyses.In conclusion, higher consumption of ultra-processed food is associated with an increased risk of RCC incidence and mortality. Limiting ultra-processed food consumption might be a primary prevention method of RCC.© 2024. The Author(s).