鉴于慢性炎症与牙周病变和心血管风险增加之间的联系，本研究旨在调查牙龈炎是否会加剧多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 女性的炎症反应和亚临床动脉粥样硬化标志物。在这项病例对照研究中，女性被分配到三组：两个 PCOS 组（有和没有牙龈炎）和一个对照组。确定人体测量和生化变量，以及牙周参数（探诊深度[PPD]、临床附着水平[CAL]、探诊出血[BOP]、菌斑指数、牙石指数和牙齿脱落）、全身和中性粒细胞炎症标志物（肿瘤坏死因子 α [TNFα]、C 反应蛋白 [CRP] 和 c-Jun N 末端激酶 [JNK]）、全身氧化应激介质（髓过氧化物酶 [MPO] 和谷胱甘肽）、可溶性细胞粘附分子和中性粒细胞内皮细胞相互作用（滚动通量、速度和粘附）。在招募的 104 名女性中，68 名患有 PCOS，其中 24 名出现牙龈炎，36 名是对照。多囊卵巢综合症患者的性激素、血脂和碳水化合物特征发生了改变。 PCOS 患者的全身炎症标志物、MPO 和可溶性血小板选择素 (sP-选择素) 水平较高，而谷胱甘肽水平较低。患有牙龈炎的 PCOS 患者的 BOP、牙菌斑和牙石指数值较高。 PCOS患者的中性粒细胞在流动条件下表现出JNK增加和粘附减少，滚动速度降低、滚动通量和细胞粘附增加，所有这些在牙龈炎患者中更为明显。 BOP与滚动速度、滚动通量和细胞粘附独立相关。PCOS患者牙龈炎的中性粒细胞表现出过度活跃，促进与内皮细胞的相互作用，并可能导致动脉粥样硬化疾病。目前，影响牙齿支持的疾病患病率很高组织（牙周病）并对成年人的口腔健康和生活质量产生负面影响。这些病变导致牙齿移动和咀嚼功能受损，最终导致牙齿脱落。近年来，牙周医学的概念出现，包括研究牙周疾病如何影响我们的一般炎症系统以及全身炎症病理如何影响我们的口腔健康。在本研究中，我们评估了一组患有多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的女性，这种疾病的特征是性激素和血脂水平以及体重增加（体重指数）的改变。我们的结果显示，患有多囊卵巢综合症的女性牙龈炎症的患病率很高，这影响了她们的白细胞和内皮细胞的相互作用。与没有牙龈炎症的 PCOS 组或对照组相比，这些女性的白细胞反应过度，表现出更大的内皮粘附、更低的流速和增强的滚动。这项研究产生了一系列新的研究，旨在分析牙龈炎患者的中性粒细胞如何表现出过度活跃，从而促进它们与内皮细胞的相互作用，从而促进动脉粥样硬化性疾病的发展。© 2024 作者。 《牙周病学杂志》由 Wiley periodicals LLC 代表美国牙周病学会出版。

Given the link between chronic inflammation and periodontal pathologies and increased cardiovascular risk, this study aims to investigate if gingivitis exacerbates the inflammatory response and subclinical atherosclerotic markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).For this case-control study, women were assigned to three groups: two PCOS groups (with and without gingivitis) and a control group. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined, along with periodontal parameters (probing pocket depth [PPD], clinical attachment level [CAL], bleeding on probing [BOP], plaque index, calculus index, and tooth loss), systemic and neutrophil inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα], C-reactive protein [CRP], and c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK]), systemic oxidative stress mediators (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and glutathione), soluble cellular adhesion molecules, and neutrophil-endothelium cell interactions (rolling flux, velocity, and adhesion).Of 104 women recruited, 68 had PCOS, 24 of whom presented gingivitis, and 36 were controls. PCOS patients presented altered sexual hormone, lipid, and carbohydrate profiles. Levels of systemic inflammatory markers, MPO, and soluble platelet selectin (sP-selectin) were higher, and glutathione levels were lower in PCOS patients. BOP, plaque, and calculus index values were higher in PCOS patients with gingivitis. Neutrophils from PCOS patients showed increased JNK and decreased adhesion under flow conditions, with reduced rolling velocity and increased rolling flux and cellular adhesion, all of which were more pronounced in those with gingivitis. BOP was independently associated with rolling velocity, rolling flux, and cellular adhesion.Neutrophils of PCOS patients with gingivitis exhibit hyperactivity, promoting interaction with the endothelium and potentially contributing to atherosclerotic disease.Currently, there is a high prevalence of diseases that affect tooth-supporting tissues (periodontal diseases) and negatively influence the oral health and quality of life of the adult population. These pathologies lead to movement of the teeth and impairment of chewing function, eventually resulting in the loss of teeth. In recent years, the concept of periodontal medicine has arisen and consists of studying how periodontal diseases can influence our general inflammatory system and how systemic inflammatory pathologies can affect our oral health. In the present study, we evaluate a group of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition characterized by alterations of sex hormones and lipid profile and weight gain (body mass index). Our results show a high prevalence of gum inflammation among women with PCOS, which affects the interaction of their leukocytes and endothelial cells. The leukocytes of these women are hyper-responsive, presenting greater endothelial adhesion, lower flow velocity and enhanced rolling compared to those in a PCOS group without gum inflammation or controls. This study has generated a new line of research to analyze how neutrophils from patients with gingivitis exhibit hyperactivity, which promotes their interaction with the endothelium, thus contributing to the development of atherosclerotic disease.© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Periodontology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Academy of Periodontology.