侵袭性真菌感染是血液病患者的严重并发症。然而，留尼汪岛尚无这方面的研究。本研究的目的是估计留尼汪岛大学医院血液恶性肿瘤患者侵袭性真菌感染的发生率。我们进行了一项描述性和模糊性研究。我们纳入了 2018 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月期间出现推定的、可能的、很可能的或已证实的侵袭性真菌感染的任何血液恶性肿瘤患者，其定义是根据欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织 2019 年研究组的标准定义的。数据从医疗记录中收集并通过 ICD-10 编码和实验室数据进行识别。 76 名患者中诊断出 89 种侵袭性真菌感染。侵袭性真菌感染的五年发病率为每 100 人年 1.7 例（95% CI 1.3-2）。侵袭性曲霉菌病是最常见的感染（35/89，39%），其次是侵袭性念珠菌病（33/89，37%）、毛霉菌病（7/89，8%）和肺囊虫病（7/89，8%）。大多数感染发生在急性髓性白血病（32/89，36%）和淋巴瘤（26/89，29%）患者中。毛霉菌病的六个月死亡率 (71%) 高于曲霉菌病 (34%) 和侵袭性念珠菌病 (33%)。血液学患者真菌感染的发病率和分布与欧洲队列相似，但念珠菌血症中毛霉菌病较多，肺孢子虫较少，近平滑念珠菌比例较高。© 作者 2024。由牛津大学出版社代表国际人类和动物真菌学学会。

Invasive fungal infections are a serious complication for hematology patients. However, there is no study on this subject in Reunion Island. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies at the University Hospital of Reunion Island. We conducted a descriptive and ambispective study. We included any patient with hematological malignancy presenting with a putative, possible, probable or proven invasive fungal infection, defined as per the criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group 2019, from January 2018 to December 2022. Data was collected from medical records and identified by ICD-10 coding and laboratory data. Eighty-nine invasive fungal infections were diagnosed in 76 patients. The five-year-incidence rate of invasive fungal infections was 1.7 per 100 person-years (95% CI 1.3-2). Invasive aspergillosis was the most common infection (35/89, 39%), followed by invasive candidiasis (33/89, 37%), mucormycosis (7/89, 8%) and pneumocystosis (7/89, 8%). Most infections occurred in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (32/89, 36%) and lymphoma (26/89, 29%). Six months-mortality was higher for mucormycosis (71%) than for aspergillosis (34%) and invasive candidiasis (33%). The incidence and distribution of fungal infections in hematology patients was similar to European cohorts, albeit with more mucormycosis, less pneumocystis and a high proportion of C. parapsilosis in candidemia.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.