BTC 的总体发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。 CCA，包括其子类型，是 BTC 的一种形式。 MetS、肥胖、MASLD 和糖尿病都与 CCA 相互关联。与西方国家相比，东方国家肥胖与 CCA 之间的联系不太明确。尽管需要更多的研究来确定 MASLD 和肝外 CCA (eCCA) 之间的关系，但 MASLD 可能是肝内 CCA 的并发危险因素，特别是在已确定或未确定潜在肝病的人群中。有趣的是，糖尿病病程较短且未接受胰岛素治疗的患者患胆道癌 (BTC) 的风险似乎更高。因此，毫无疑问需要早期发现和预防慢性肝病，以及额外的干预研究，以确定改善 MetS、减肥和糖尿病治疗是否可以降低 BTC 的风险和进展。然而，还需要进一步的研究来了解生殖激素如何参与导致 BTC 并为患者开发一致的治疗方法。最后，仔细评估 BTC 患者的心脏病风险至关重要，因为他们的内在心血管风险增加，使他们面临血栓并发症、心血管死亡、心脏转移和非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎的风险。本综述旨在提供上述心脏代谢状况与 BTC 之间关系的最新总结。

BTC overall incidence is globally increasing. CCA, including its subtypes, is a form of BTC. MetS, obesity, MASLD, and diabetes are all linked to CCA in interconnected ways. The link between obesity and CCA is less well-defined in Eastern countries as compared to Western. Although more research is needed to determine the relationship between MASLD and extrahepatic CCA (eCCA), MASLD may be a concurrent risk factor for intrahepatic CCA, particularly in populations with established or unidentified underlying liver disease. Interestingly, the risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC) seemed to be higher in patients with shorter diabetes durations who were not treated with insulin. Therefore, early detection and prevention of chronic liver disease, as well as additional intervention studies, will undoubtedly be required to determine whether improvements to MetS, weight loss, and diabetes therapy can reduce the risk and progression of BTC. However, further studies are needed to understand how reproductive hormones are involved in causing BTC and to develop consistent treatment for patients. Finally, it is critical to carefully assess the cardiological risk in BTC patients due to their increased intrinsic cardiovascular risk, putting them at risk for thrombotic complications, cardiovascular death, cardiac metastasis, and nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. This review aimed to provide an updated summary of the relation between the abovementioned cardio-metabolic conditions and BTC.