诊断为病理性T1N0食管鳞癌并仅接受手术治疗的患者预后良好，一般无需辅助治疗即可随访。然而，在该患者组中观察到复发。因此，本研究旨在确定仅接受手术治疗的病理性T1N0食管鳞状细胞癌患者的复发和预后因素。 2003年8月至2018年11月期间在广岛大学医院接受R0切除食管切除术的532例患者中，124例患者接受了R0切除术。仅接受食管切除术且患有病理性 T1N0 食管鳞状细胞癌的患者被纳入该研究。分析复发和预后因素，评估复发细节。5年无复发生存率和5年总生存率分别为84.7%和87.2%。 12 名 (9.7%) 患者出现复发。单变量和多变量分析显示，组织学类型（与其他类型相比分化较差）和淋巴和/或血管侵犯（阳性与阴性相比）对于无复发生存具有统计学意义。无复发生存率和总生存率的 Kaplan-Meier 曲线表明，预后根据这些因素进行了显着分层。所有低分化且阳性淋巴和/或血管侵犯的患者均出现复发，且复发模式均为远处转移。低分化和淋巴和/或血管侵犯是仅手术治疗的病理性T1N0食管鳞癌的重要复发和预后预测因素。具有这些预后因素的患者复发率增加，通常伴有远处转移。因此，辅助治疗可能对此类患者有益，并且应更密切地进行随访。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔公司出版。保留所有权利。

Patients diagnosed with pathologic T1N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and treated with surgery alone have a good prognosis and are generally followed up without adjuvant therapy. However, recurrence has been observed in this patient group. Therefore, this study aimed to identify recurrence and prognostic factors in patients with pathologic T1N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with surgery alone.Of the 532 patients who underwent esophagectomy with R0 resection at Hiroshima University Hospital between August 2003 and November 2018, 124 who underwent only esophagectomy and had pathological T1N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. Recurrence and prognostic factors were analyzed and details of recurrence were evaluated.The 5-year recurrence-free survival and 5-year overall survival rates were 84.7% and 87.2%, respectively. Recurrence was observed in 12 (9.7%) patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the histologic type (poorly differentiated compared with others) and lymphatic and/or vascular invasion (positive compared with negative) were statistically significant for recurrence-free survival. Kaplan-Meier curves for recurrence-free survival and overall survival showed that prognosis was significantly stratified according to these factors. All patients with poorly differentiated and positive lymphatic and/or vascular invasion experienced recurrence and recurrence pattern is all distant metastases.Poorly differentiated and lymphatic and/or vascular invasion are important recurrence and prognostic predictors in pathologic T1N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with surgery alone. Patients with these prognostic factors experienced increased recurrence rates, often with distant metastasis. Therefore, adjuvant therapy may be beneficial for such patients and follow-ups should be performed at closer intervals.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.