精氨酶及精氨在免疫中的作用
The roles of arginases and arginine in immunity
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影响因子:60.9
分区:医学1区 Top / 免疫学1区
发表日期:2025 Apr
作者:
Stefania Canè, Roger Geiger, Vincenzo Bronte
DOI:
10.1038/s41577-024-01098-2
摘要
精氨酶活性及其在免疫细胞中的代谢对健康与疾病具有重要影响。其调控失衡常见于癌症、自身免疫疾病和感染性疾病。最初关于精氨酶在抗肿瘤反应中T细胞功能障碍中的作用的描述，推动了对精氨酶调控和表达机制的进一步研究，以及其与其他代谢途径的整合。本综述强调了人类与啮齿动物在精氨酶的分布和储存方面的差异，提示在评估精氨酶活性影响时应加以考虑。详细介绍了精氨酶、精氨及其代谢物在免疫细胞中的作用，以及它们在癌症、自身免疫和感染性疾病中的影响。最后，探讨了靶向精氨酶与精氨的潜在治疗策略。
Abstract
Arginase activity and arginine metabolism in immune cells have important consequences for health and disease. Their dysregulation is commonly observed in cancer, autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases. Following the initial description of a role for arginase in the dysfunction of T cells mounting an antitumour response, numerous studies have broadened our understanding of the regulation and expression of arginases and their integration with other metabolic pathways. Here, we highlight the differences in arginase compartmentalization and storage between humans and rodents that should be taken into consideration when assessing the effects of arginase activity. We detail the roles of arginases, arginine and its metabolites in immune cells and their effects in the context of cancer, autoimmunity and infectious disease. Finally, we explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting arginases and arginine.