探讨放化疗对食管癌患者体质的影响及其临床影响因素。共有67名参与者成功完成了研究，其中18名参与者在监督下进行了为期10天的院内中等强度有氧训练。至少 20 场会议。在放化疗前和放化疗结束后 6-8 周对心肺运动测试、握力、通过生物电阻抗分析评估的身体成分、患者主观整体评估、白蛋白和功能性口服摄入量表 (FOIS) 进行评估。放化疗期间心肺适能、握力、BC-BIA相位角均下降。放化疗前后，V̇O2peak分别为19.6±4.4和17.4±3.9 mL/min/kg。放化疗期间 FOIS 的改善与有氧能力的变化呈正相关。此外，运动训练与减轻有氧能力的下降有关。食管癌患者在放化疗后身体素质恶化。吞咽困难的改善有助于维持有氧能力。此外，运动训练有可能减缓衰退。这一发现可为加强食管癌患者的整体护理提供参考。

To investigate the impact of chemoradiotherapy on the physical fitness of patients with oesophageal cancer, and the clinical factors influencing it.A total of 67 participants successfully completed the study, with 18 of them engaging in supervised, in-hospital aerobic training at moderate intensity for a minimum of 20 sessions. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing, hand grip strength, body composition assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis, patient-generated subjective global assessment, albumin, and the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) were evaluated before chemoradiotherapy and 6-8 weeks after its completion.Among the participants, cardiopulmonary fitness, hand grip strength, and phase angle of BC-BIA declined during chemoradiotherapy. Before and after chemoradiotherapy, V̇O2peak was 19.6 ± 4.4 and 17.4 ± 3.9 mL/min/kg respectively. The improvement in FOIS during chemoradiotherapy showed a positive correlation with changes in aerobic capacity. Additionally, exercise training was associated with attenuating the decline in aerobic capacity.Physical fitness deteriorated in patients with oesophageal cancer following chemoradiotherapy. Improvement in dysphagia helps maintain aerobic capacity. Additionally, exercise training has the potential to mitigate the decline. This discovery can serve as a reference for enhancing holistic care for patients with oesophageal cancer.