STING（干扰素基因刺激器）通路在激活先天免疫方面发挥着关键作用，使其成为癌症免疫治疗的一个有前景的靶点。 STING 激动剂显示出增强免疫反应的潜力，特别是在对传统疗法产生耐药性的肿瘤中。这篇学术评论研究了 STING 激动剂的不同类别，包括 CDN 类似物、非 CDN 化学型、注入 CDN 的外泌体、工程细菌载体和小分子核酸的混合结构。我们重点介绍它们的机制、临床试验进展和治疗结果。虽然这些药物具有巨大的前景，但毒性、肿瘤异质性和递送方法等挑战仍然是其更广泛临床应用的障碍。持续的研究和创新对于克服这些障碍至关重要。 STING 激动剂可以在癌症治疗中发挥变革性作用，特别是对于患有难以治疗的恶性肿瘤的患者，通过利用人体的免疫系统来瞄准和消除癌细胞。版权所有 © 2024 Wang、Yu、Jiang、Meng、Tang 和 Liu。

The STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway is pivotal in activating innate immunity, making it a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. STING agonists have shown potential in enhancing immune responses, particularly in tumors resistant to traditional therapies. This scholarly review examines the diverse categories of STING agonists, encompassing CDN analogues, non-CDN chemotypes, CDN-infused exosomes, engineered bacterial vectors, and hybrid structures of small molecules-nucleic acids. We highlight their mechanisms, clinical trial progress, and therapeutic outcomes. While these agents offer significant promise, challenges such as toxicity, tumor heterogeneity, and delivery methods remain obstacles to their broader clinical use. Ongoing research and innovation are essential to overcoming these hurdles. STING agonists could play a transformative role in cancer treatment, particularly for patients with hard-to-treat malignancies, by harnessing the body's immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells.Copyright © 2024 Wang, Yu, Jiang, Meng, Tang and Liu.