皮肤白血病是一个相互矛盾的术语，用于描述皮肤中的肿瘤性造血细胞浸润。皮肤骨髓或淋巴增殖通常给病理学家带来严重的鉴别诊断挑战。这篇综述旨在概述与皮肤白血病术语相关的混淆，并详细讨论日常实践中最常见的鉴别诊断。该综述基于相关文献的总结以及作者的经验。它讨论了前体细胞髓样肿瘤和淋巴样肿瘤，这些肿瘤被严格认为是真正的皮肤白血病，但也涉及更成熟的肿瘤，包括一些最近描述的成熟髓外髓样增殖。最后，建议采用一种实用、全面的逐步方法，结合传统的免疫组织化学标记物组、新型谱系或突变特异性标记物以及其他辅助测试，以达到实体特异性诊断。辅助技术的正确组合可以帮助病理学家提供诊断结果。准确诊断这些具有挑战性的皮肤病变。©美国临床病理学会，2024。

Leukemia cutis is a conflicting term to describe neoplastic hematopoietic infiltrates in the skin. Cutaneous myeloid or lymphoid proliferations often present a serious differential diagnostic challenge for pathologists.This review aims to outline the confusion associated with the term leukemia cutis and discuss in detail the foremost common differential diagnoses in daily practice. The review is based on a summary of the relevant literature as well as on the authors' experience.It addresses precursor cell myeloid and lymphoid tumors that are strictly considered true leukemia cutis but also more mature neoplasms, including some recently described mature extramedullary myeloid proliferations. Finally, a practical, comprehensive stepwise approach combining traditional immunohistochemical marker panels, novel lineage- or mutational-specific markers, and other ancillary tests is suggested to reach an entity-specific diagnosis.The proper combination of ancillary techniques can help the pathologist to provide an accurate diagnosis of these challenging skin lesions.© American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2024.