细胞死亡是一种重要的生物现象，可分为意外细胞死亡（ACD）和程序性细胞死亡（PCD），每种死亡都表现出不同的信号传导、机制和形态特征。本文全面概述了七种类型的 ACD，包括凝固性、液化性、干酪样、脂肪性、纤维蛋白样、坏疽性和继发性坏死，并讨论了它们在缺血和炎症等情况下的病理学意义。此外，我们回顾了 PCD 的 18 种形式，包括自噬、细胞凋亡、坏死性凋亡、细胞焦亡、Paraptosis、铁死亡、失巢凋亡、entosis、NETosis、eryptosis、parthanatos、mitoptosis，以及新认识的类型，如 methuosis、autosis、alkaliptosis、oxeptosis、cuprotosis 和埃博西斯。还涵盖了这些细胞死亡方式对细胞过程、发育和疾病的影响，特别是在肿瘤和神经退行性疾病的背景下。此外，我们探讨了各种形式的 PCD 之间的串扰，强调细胞凋亡机制如何影响坏死性凋亡和细胞焦亡等途径。了解这种相互作用对于阐明细胞对压力的反应及其在临床应用和治疗策略中的潜在相关性至关重要。未来的研究应侧重于阐明控制不同形式的 PCD 及其相互作用的分子机制。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd。保留所有权利。

Cell death is a critical biological phenomenon that can be categorized into accidental cell death (ACD) and programmed cell death (PCD), each exhibiting distinct signaling, mechanistic and morphological characteristics. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of seven types of ACD, including coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, fat, fibrinoid, gangrenous and secondary necrosis, discussing their pathological implications in conditions such as ischemia and inflammation. Additionally, we review eighteen forms of PCD, encompassing autophagy, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, paraptosis, ferroptosis, anoikis, entosis, NETosis, eryptosis, parthanatos, mitoptosis, and newly recognized types such as methuosis, autosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, cuprotosis and erebosis. The implications of these cell death modalities for cellular processes, development, and disease-particularly in the context of neoplastic and neurodegenerative disorders-are also covered. Furthermore, we explore the crosstalk between various forms of PCD, emphasizing how apoptotic mechanisms can influence pathways like necroptosis and pyroptosis. Understanding this interplay is crucial for elucidating cellular responses to stress, as well as for its potential relevance in clinical applications and therapeutic strategies. Future research should focus on clarifying the molecular mechanisms that govern different forms of PCD and their interactions.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.